tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3576385459174447632024-03-13T15:44:59.332+08:00Chinese Lifeworld 华人的生活世界Philosophically speaking, the Chinese live in the life-world and the westerners in the scientific-world. Life-world concerns more with human beings and Scientific-world with beings. One of the best ways to understand the Chinese Life-world is to go into contact with the vast treasure house of Chinese legend, folklore, fables, ghost stories. 从哲学角度来看,华人活在生活世界,洋人活在科学世界。生活世界是关于人的存在,科学世界注重存在。要了解华人的生活世界,一个最好的方法是接触华人神话、民间故事、寓言与神鬼故事的这个巨大宝藏。Joon Tai 运开http://www.blogger.com/profile/12397024663559678039noreply@blogger.comBlogger99125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-357638545917444763.post-46055395227833644022012-09-10T18:51:00.000+08:002012-09-10T19:40:57.876+08:00Chinese Customs 008: Tang Dynasty: Displaying Lanterns 中国古代风俗百图之 008 唐 放灯<span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: SimSun; line-height: 115%;"><b>火树银花不夜天,游人元宵多留连。</b></span><br />
<span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: SimSun; line-height: 115%;"><b>灯山星桥笙歌满,金吾放禁任狂欢。</b></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: SimSun; line-height: 115%;"><span lang="ZH-CN">正月十五日是一年中第一个月圆之夜,故称『元</span>(<span lang="ZH-CN">月</span>)<span lang="ZH-CN">宵</span>(<span lang="ZH-CN">夜</span>)<span lang="ZH-CN">』。道家以正月十五日为上元节。早在汉代已有庆贺元宵之俗,至唐规模更为盛大。苏味道的《正月十五日夜》诗:『火树银花合,星桥铁锁开。暗尘随马去,明月逐人来。游伎皆浓李,行歌尽落梅。金吾不禁夜,玉漏莫相催。』成为元宵诗经典之作。唐睿宗时元夕作灯树高二十丈,燃灯五万盏,号为『火树』。『金吾不禁夜』是说京城破例取消夜间戒严,允许市民逛灯三整夜,又称『放灯』。</span><br />
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<!--[endif]--></span>Joon Tai 运开http://www.blogger.com/profile/12397024663559678039noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-357638545917444763.post-5097191306938675142012-09-03T22:07:00.003+08:002012-09-03T22:09:12.669+08:00Chinese Customs 007: Ming Dynasty: Whipping of Water Buffalo in the Spring Time 中国古代风俗百图之 007 明 鞭春牛<span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: SimSun; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-SG; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;"><b>年年春打六九头,烟火爆竹放未休。</b></span><br />
<span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: SimSun; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-SG; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;"><b>五彩旌旗喧锣鼓,围看府尹鞭春牛。</b></span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi8XOT0CqjpzUAWKzTjvKGMpEc1LuKhQ4h7nLQiUS7T8w-A-1EKRHFL3RbnrJvzCSiCWF3ps9wCHibOBtUX5uCuH5mhWXr9odwGfMj8C-fPW1MUU0LdNq9ZGkxkpFuV5q3NGueuPIKVF0M/s1600/007+%E9%9E%AD%E6%98%A5%E7%89%9B.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi8XOT0CqjpzUAWKzTjvKGMpEc1LuKhQ4h7nLQiUS7T8w-A-1EKRHFL3RbnrJvzCSiCWF3ps9wCHibOBtUX5uCuH5mhWXr9odwGfMj8C-fPW1MUU0LdNq9ZGkxkpFuV5q3NGueuPIKVF0M/s400/007+%E9%9E%AD%E6%98%A5%E7%89%9B.jpg" width="272" /></a></div>
<span style="font-family: SimSun; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-SG; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;"><span lang="ZH-CN">《清嘉录》载:『先立春一日,郡守率僚属迎春娄门外柳仙堂,鸣驺清路,盛设羽仪,前列社夥,殿以春牛。观者如市。』明周希曜《宝安春色篇》:『掀天爆声彻夜闹,沸地歌喉板敲檀。春牛高拥巡陌上,瑞麟婆娑影盘桓。』袁宏道有《迎春歌》,证明迎春仪式已经演化为一种盛大的歌舞活动。明代鞭春牛,还有麒麟搭配,清代年画,更画出大象和春牛作伴,取意『万象更新』。</span> </span>Joon Tai 运开http://www.blogger.com/profile/12397024663559678039noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-357638545917444763.post-39565195356065345982012-08-03T22:29:00.001+08:002012-08-03T22:32:18.720+08:00Chinese Customs 006: Song Dynasty: Giving Officials the Spring Pennant 中国古代风俗百图之 006 宋 宫中赐银幡<span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: SimSun; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-SG; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;"><b>新春拜过至初三,大内银幡赐百官。</b></span><br />
<span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: SimSun; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-SG; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;"><b>朝回两袖天香满,帽饰招得笑语喧。</b></span><span style="font-family: SimSun; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-SG; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;"><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiCfJUYvpjpbE4DzDgce6tIpBrZBPyEmLMW5pWoO-jZf1KLArPolgp0UJg7Z1c1_D9BCuM5mH-gYmcgRcJEpQqx1wTSz1mn2AizZzYiCPuzJqxJMLDFJYLZDR0ffDzYHjhmfKs7usIxRPg/s1600/006+%E5%AE%AB%E4%B8%AD%E8%B5%90%E9%93%B6%E5%B9%A1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiCfJUYvpjpbE4DzDgce6tIpBrZBPyEmLMW5pWoO-jZf1KLArPolgp0UJg7Z1c1_D9BCuM5mH-gYmcgRcJEpQqx1wTSz1mn2AizZzYiCPuzJqxJMLDFJYLZDR0ffDzYHjhmfKs7usIxRPg/s400/006+%E5%AE%AB%E4%B8%AD%E8%B5%90%E9%93%B6%E5%B9%A1.jpg" width="271" /></a><span style="font-family: SimSun; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-SG; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;"><span lang="ZH-CN">《东京梦华录》:『春日,宰执亲王百官,皆赐金银幡胜,入贺讫,戴归私第。』苏辙《除夜元日省宿致斋》诗云:『今岁初辛日正三,明朝风气渐东南。还家强作银幡会,雪底蒿芹欲满篮。』南宋仍沿北宋风习。《梦粱录》:『立春日,宰臣以下,皆赐金银幡胜,悬于幞头上,入朝称贺。』</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: SimSun; text-align: -webkit-center;">古代在立春有吃五辛盘的风俗。如《荆楚岁时记》载:『元日,……进屠苏酒,下五辛盘。』周处《风土记》:『元日造五辛盘。』注云:『五辛所以发五藏之气,即大蒜、小蒜、韭菜、云苔、胡荽是也。』五辛盘又称春盘。《摭遗》载:『东晋李鄂立春日命以芦菔、芹芽为春盘馈贶。』《本草纲目》中说:『五辛菜,乃元旦、立春以葱、蒜、韭、蓼蒿、芥辛嫩之菜杂和食之,取迎新之意。』这一风俗传到唐、宋、金、元。如元代耶律楚材有《立春日驿中作穷春盘》诗,其中说到用藕、豌豆、葱、蒌蒿、韭黄和粉丝作春盘。</span></div>
<br />Joon Tai 运开http://www.blogger.com/profile/12397024663559678039noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-357638545917444763.post-80365572174123498892011-12-31T22:57:00.004+08:002012-01-09T18:36:54.665+08:00Chinese Customs 004: Tang Dynasty: The Plum Flower Makeup 中国古代风俗百图 之 004 唐 饰梅花妆<span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: SimSun; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>初七人日又立春,梅花点额颜色新。</b></span><br />
<span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: SimSun; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>此身若在含章殿,疑是寿阳宫里人。</b></span><br />
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<a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-A6Ux7hYbFao/Tv8iskEMdBI/AAAAAAAABJ4/HnblXbKwRb8/s1600/004+%25E9%25A5%25B0%25E6%25A2%2585%25E8%258A%25B1%25E5%25A6%2586.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-A6Ux7hYbFao/Tv8iskEMdBI/AAAAAAAABJ4/HnblXbKwRb8/s400/004+%25E9%25A5%25B0%25E6%25A2%2585%25E8%258A%25B1%25E5%25A6%2586.jpg" width="280" /></a><span style="text-align: -webkit-center;"><span style="font-family: SimSun; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span><span lang="ZH-CN">古代以正月初七日为『人日』,《事物记》载:东方朔最初置『人日』。传说宋武帝时,寿阳公主在人日卧含章殿,檐下梅花飘落在公主额上,形成一种装饰;宫女效之,以红点额为『梅花妆』。此俗传至唐宋,妇女多在脸上画各式图案;有『斜红、面靥』等名目;涂唇有『万金红、大红、内家圆』等名目。其实,妇女在脸上点画装饰,早在春秋战国时已经兴起了;长沙出土楚国女俑的脸上就有圆点的图案可证。到唐代发展为往脸上贴金箔花钿,成为一种化妆时尚。</span></span><span style="text-align: -webkit-center;"></span>Joon Tai 运开http://www.blogger.com/profile/12397024663559678039noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-357638545917444763.post-18155360728725593242011-12-20T22:50:00.001+08:002012-01-09T18:36:24.595+08:00Chinese Customs 003: Ming Dynasty: Presenting Name Cards During New Year Visits 中国古代风俗百图 之 003 明 拜年送名片<span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: SimSun; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>拜年不必进府门,送上名片抵见人。</b></span><br />
<span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: SimSun; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>各处贺岁皆如此,赠予纸店大笔金。</b></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: SimSun; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%;"><span lang="ZH-CN"><span style="text-align: -webkit-center;">宋代已用名片拜年,称为『飞帖』。各家门前贴一红纸袋,上写『接福』,即承放飞帖之用。《清波杂志》载:『元祐年间,新年贺节,往往使用佣仆持名刺代往。』到明代仍然如此。文徵明《拜年》诗云:『不求见面惟通谒,名纸朝来满敝庐。我亦随人投数纸,世情嫌简不嫌虚。』清代《燕台月令》也形容北京『是月也,片子飞,空车走。』现代的贺年片、贺年卡,可以说是其遗风。</span></span></span>Joon Tai 运开http://www.blogger.com/profile/12397024663559678039noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-357638545917444763.post-66728314026495585202011-11-26T23:12:00.001+08:002012-01-09T18:35:21.549+08:00Chinese Customs 002: Song Dynasty: Having Fun at Music School for Female Entertainers 中国古代风俗百图 之 002 宋 教坊自乐<br />
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<span class="apple-style-span"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: SimSun; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>良辰美景奈何天,泪眼装欢又一年。</b></span></span></div>
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<span class="apple-style-span"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: SimSun; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>堪喜岁首无官役,相聚青楼奏管弦。</b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: SimSun; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%;"><span class="apple-style-span"><span lang="ZH-CN"><span style="float: none; text-align: -webkit-center;">宋代教坊妓女原属宫廷,是为官妓;『绍兴年间,废教坊职名,如遇大朝会、圣节,御前排当及驾前导引奏乐,并拨临安府衙前乐人……』</span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: SimSun; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%;"><span class="apple-style-span"><span lang="ZH-CN"><span style="float: none; text-align: -webkit-center;">官府有事,如设酒库卖酒,为招揽生意,『官私妓女,顾倩只应』。</span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: SimSun; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%;"><span class="apple-style-span"><span lang="ZH-CN"><span style="float: none; text-align: -webkit-center;">一年之内,难得休息。只有新岁初一有空闲自娱。</span></span><span style="float: none; text-align: -webkit-center;"> </span></span></span></div>Joon Tai 运开http://www.blogger.com/profile/12397024663559678039noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-357638545917444763.post-38465141626695727272011-11-18T22:14:00.001+08:002012-01-09T18:34:07.250+08:00Chinese Customs 001: Song Dynasty: Playing With Firecrackers 中国古代风俗百图 之 001 宋 燃爆竹<br />
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<span class="apple-style-span"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: SimSun; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>霹雳声中旧岁除,为惊疫魃燃青竹。</b></span></span></div>
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<span class="apple-style-span"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: SimSun; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>一自火药发明后,难止新年放鞭俗。</b></span></span><span style="font-family: SimSun; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="float: none;"><span class="apple-style-span"><span lang="ZH-CN"><span style="float: none;"> </span></span></span><span class="apple-style-span"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhxkbLDJ3OohYG_1oqXtqYoHgYpxUhrLmZ4v2H-LHG57iV2NgWmyHoUtUzlCdlzUKKZgI4iJC6Xzr9YRpgMXCLZAPh2hOE5Fow3t13jbrVqJ41zCaXN7RE3rUQ8hxKo4J7TA2rJq9oAU6A/s1600/001+%25E7%2587%2583%25E7%2588%2586%25E7%25AB%25B9.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhxkbLDJ3OohYG_1oqXtqYoHgYpxUhrLmZ4v2H-LHG57iV2NgWmyHoUtUzlCdlzUKKZgI4iJC6Xzr9YRpgMXCLZAPh2hOE5Fow3t13jbrVqJ41zCaXN7RE3rUQ8hxKo4J7TA2rJq9oAU6A/s400/001+%25E7%2587%2583%25E7%2588%2586%25E7%25AB%25B9.jpg" width="273" /></a></div>
<span class="apple-style-span"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: SimSun; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%;">据《神异经》载:西方山中有山臊,犯之则令人寒热。但它怕竹子爆声。于是人们烧竹来赶走它。</span></span></div>
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<span class="apple-style-span"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: SimSun; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%;">唐代诗人来鹄诗云:『新历才将半纸开,小庭犹聚爆竿灰。』宋代王安石诗:『爆竹声中一岁除,春风送暖入屠苏。』在火药发明之后,人们在春节仍然燃爆竹。</span></span></div>
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<span class="apple-style-span"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: SimSun; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%;">范成大《爆竹行》中描写燃爆竹的过程:『截筒五尺煨以薪,节间汗流火力透,健仆取将仍疾走。儿童却立避其锋,当阶击地雷霆吼。一声两声百鬼惊,三声四声鬼巢倾。十声连百神道宁,八方上下皆和平。却拾焦头叠床底,犹有馀威可驱疠。』</span></span></div>
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<span class="apple-style-span"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: SimSun; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%;">在南宋出现用草纸裹火药扎成卷形的爆仗。《武林旧事》:『至于爆仗,内藏药线,一连百馀不绝。』此指用药线串在一起的鞭炮。</span></span></div>
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<span class="apple-style-span"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: SimSun; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%;">明代黎淳有《爆竹》诗:『自怜结束小身材,一点芳心不肯灰。时节到来寒焰发,万人头上一声雷。』所咏的是『升天雷』,北方称为『二踢脚』。</span></span></div>
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<span class="apple-style-span"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: SimSun; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%;">火药的发明,本是为和平生活用的,后来用于战争,乃是人类的不幸;用于侵略战争,更是人类的大不幸。</span></span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: SimSun;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 16px;"><br /></span></span></div>Joon Tai 运开http://www.blogger.com/profile/12397024663559678039noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-357638545917444763.post-58746375853758002332011-09-20T09:57:00.002+08:002011-09-20T09:58:40.966+08:00Lisi: Advising Against Driving Away Foreign Talents 李斯:谏逐客书<div style="text-align: justify;">
Li Si was the Prime Minister of the Chinese First Emperor of Qin Dynasty (221 - 206 BC). He is credited with the creation of the Zhuan Script (Official or Seal Script). However, he is also famous because of a note he wrote to the First Emperor to advise him not to drive away the foreign born talents and the fact that the First Emperor accepted his advice. The following is his main argument: </div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEheqqqbupJpJB11ONammpdTGAMBxkRzMe-II76BWlBPN06YYlAJaoBxXWSKLfQC2KvSeGh0T6D_YG4gwEgstz9GraruarW-jfGSEbz6gNBWxHvjup2z9r8iC9R1Soz35Rw5i1oNh2w8dHI/s1600/%25E8%25B0%258F%25E9%2580%2590%25E5%25AE%25A2%25E4%25B9%25A6.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="197" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEheqqqbupJpJB11ONammpdTGAMBxkRzMe-II76BWlBPN06YYlAJaoBxXWSKLfQC2KvSeGh0T6D_YG4gwEgstz9GraruarW-jfGSEbz6gNBWxHvjup2z9r8iC9R1Soz35Rw5i1oNh2w8dHI/s400/%25E8%25B0%258F%25E9%2580%2590%25E5%25AE%25A2%25E4%25B9%25A6.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="lesen1">The </span><span class="googqs-tidbit-1"><span style="color: black;">Mount</span></span><span style="color: black;"> <span class="googqs-tidbit-1">Tai is large</span> because it was not picky ...... </span></span></td></tr>
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<span class="lesen1">I have heard that many officials have
discussed the need to dismiss their foreign clients (talents), but I dare to
think that this is a bad thing to do.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span class="lesen1"><span class="lesen1">In the past, when Lord Mu was searching
for distinguished men, he found You Yu from</span><span class="lesen1"> <span lang="EN-US">western Rong
and Bai Lixi from Wan,</span></span><span class="lesen1"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></span><span class="lesen1">he welcomed Jian Shu from Song, and he spotted Pi Pao
and Gongsun Zhi in the kingdom of Jin. </span><span class="lesen1"><span lang="EN-US">Although </span></span><span class="lesen1">these five gentlemen were not born
in Qin, Lord Mu used them and thus was able to annex twelve countries, and Qin
emerged as a strong country in the western Rong.</span></span></div>
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<span class="lesen1">Lord Xiao implemented the new legal
system of Shang Yang and as a result, our old customs and habits were either changed
or eliminated, and thus enabled our people to live better life. With this, our country
is stronger and more prosperous. Our people are then happy to join the armed
forces, and our neighbouring countries are willing to listen to us. After we defeated
Chu and Wei, we occupied more that thousand square kilometres of land, and
today our country are still strong and well managed. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span class="lesen1">King Hui adopted Zhang Yi’s strategy
and thus occupied many territories around the Sanchuan River. We also annexed
Ba and Shu in the west, Shang Jun in the north, and Han Zhong in the south. We
conquered many minority races (tribes), controlled two major cities Yan and Ying,
and occupied </span><span class="lesen1"><span lang="EN-US">Cheng Gao in the east. A lot of
fertile lands were seized, the alliance of six countries was dissolved and these
countries were forced to pledge their allegiance to Qin. The impacts of the
strategy have lasted even until today.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span class="lesen1">King Zhao employed Fan Sui and
discharged his corrupt uncles Ranghou and Huayang, only to eliminate unauthorized
behaviour and to invigorate the strength of the ruling family's position. He
devoured the territories of the feudal lords and made the house of Qin able to
become emperors. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span class="lesen1">These four rulers were successful
because of their foreign advisors. From this aspect, how could the foreign
advisors let the rulers of Qin down? If these four rulers would not have
employed and incorporated foreign consultants in their courts, the state of Qin
would not be as rich and prosperous as it is now, and Qin would not be a strong
and powerful country…..<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span class="lesen1"></span><br />
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<span class="lesen1"><span class="lesen1">I have heard that a country
with ample land and fields can grow abundant grain, a state with a vast
territory can accommodate many inhabitants, and a strong army will have brave
soldiers. Equally, the </span><span class="googqs-tidbit-1"><span style="color: black;">Mount</span></span><span style="color: black;"> <span class="googqs-tidbit-1">Tai is large</span> because it was not picky about the
size of its rocks. All the rivers and seas run deep for they do not reject
small streams.</span><span class="lesen1"> And a
king can manifest his virtue only by not driving out the inhabitants of his
country. Therefore, it is important not to stretch a country all over the
world, and not to make people become estranged to their country; and only then,
the four seasons will be completed and beautiful, the spirits and gods will
grant good luck, and all will be like during the age of the Five mythical
Emperors and the Three holy Kings (of Xia, Shang and Zhou), who are invincible
in this world. If your majesty now would dismiss your foreign advising clients
(talents), they would be a fortune for your enemies' countries. If you would
allow people of ability under Heaven to draw back from your court and not to
come here to the west, they would not put one step on the ground of your state
of Qin. That would be tantamount to lending weapons to robbers and giving grain
to the bandits who robbed Qin.</span></span></div>
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A lot of products may not be produced in
Qin, but they can be treasured by us; many wise people may not be born in Qin,
but they are willing to serve our country with loyalty. Now if we dismiss these
people, they will become the treasure of other kingdom, this is to disadvantage
us and benefit our enemies. This is amounting to weaken us internally and causing
unhappiness among our dukes and princes. Under such circumstances, how can we
avoid danger to our country? <o:p></o:p></div>
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李斯是秦朝(公元前221年至206年)秦始皇的宰相。他被认为是秦篆书的创造者。他给秦始皇写的《谏逐客书》是他名垂千古。他劝秦始皇不要驱逐外来的人才,而秦始皇也接受了他的劝告。以下是他的主要论点:</div>
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<span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: SimSun; font-size: 11pt;">臣闻吏议逐客,窃以为过矣。</span><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><br />
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<span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: SimSun; font-size: 11pt;">昔穆公求士,西取由余於戎,东得百里奚於宛,迎蹇叔於宋,求丕豹、公孙支於晋。此五子者,不产於秦,而穆公用之,并国二十,遂霸西戎。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: SimSun; font-size: 11pt;">孝公用商鞅之法,移风易俗,民以殷盛,国以富强,百姓乐用,诸侯亲服,获楚、魏之师,举地千里,至今治强。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: SimSun; font-size: 11pt;">惠王用张仪之计,拔三川之地,西并巴、蜀,北收上郡,南取汉中,包九夷,制鄢、郢,东据城皋之险,割膏腴之壤,遂散六国之纵(合纵),使之西面事秦,功施到今。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: SimSun; font-size: 11pt;">昭王得范雎,废穰侯,逐华阳,强公室,杜私门,蚕食诸侯,使秦成帝业。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: SimSun; font-size: 11pt;">此四君者,皆以客之功。由此观之,客何负於秦哉!向使四君却客而不纳,疏士而不用,是使国无富利之实,而秦无强大之名也。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt;">…..<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: SimSun; font-size: 11pt;">臣闻地广者粟多,国大者人众,兵强者士勇。是以泰山不让土壤,故能成其大;河海不择细流,故能就其深;王者不却众庶,故能明其德。是以地无四方,民无异国,四时充美,鬼神降福,此五帝、三王之所以无敌也。今乃弃黔首以资敌国,却宾客以业诸侯,使天下之士退而不敢西向,裹足不入秦,此所谓‘藉寇兵而赍盗粮’者也。</span><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: SimSun; font-size: 11pt;">夫物不产於秦,可宝者多;士不产於秦,而愿忠者众。今逐客以资敌国,损民以益仇,内自虚而外树怨於诸侯,求国无危,不可得也。</span><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: SimSun; font-size: 11pt;">注:由余:晋国人,先是在西戎任职,后来秦穆公设法使他投奔秦国。百里奚:楚国人,原为虞国的大夫,晋灭虞后,把他作为陪嫁的奴隶送给秦国。后来楚地的宛地,被楚国边境的人俘获。秦穆公用五张黑羊皮将他赎回,并封为大夫。迎蹇叔:原为岐人,旅居宋国,由于百里奚的推荐,秦穆公派人花重金请去做了大夫。丕豹:晋大夫丕郑的儿子,丕郑被晋惠公杀,丕豹逃到秦。公孙支:原是晋人,后来归秦,为秦大夫。商鞅:卫国人,姓公孙,名鞅。入秦后,被秦孝公重用,实行变法,有大功。因为封地叫商,故称商鞅,又称商君。张仪:魏国人,秦惠王任为丞相,他用连横的策略帮助秦分化瓦解东方六国,使它们服从秦国。范雎:魏国人,秦昭王用为相。他提出远交近攻的策略,帮助秦国统一天下。穰侯:秦昭王的舅父,曾为相国。华阳:秦昭王的舅父。</span><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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Joon Tai 运开http://www.blogger.com/profile/12397024663559678039noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-357638545917444763.post-36940506981771712892011-08-23T22:06:00.001+08:002011-08-23T22:17:05.922+08:00Flood Legend – Yu the Great Subdues the Flood 洪水的传说,大禹治水<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">A traditional legend about a major flood can
be found in almost all civilisations. Such was the destructive force of this
flood that few land animals and plants survived it as it covered the whole
earth. For readers in Western society the most famous version is the story of
Noah and the Ark as recounted in Genesis, the first book of the Bible. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">In China
the flood myth had a different emphasis from the legends told in the West. The
flooding of the land from time immemorial was seen as a hindrance to
agriculture. The floodwaters were made to recede through the labours of a
saviour-hero named Yu the Great, who successfully dredged the land to provide
outlets to the sea for the water. Thus was the great central river valley of
China made suitable for agriculture and the development of civilization.</span><span class="apple-style-span"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">Yu the Great was born and lived around 22 century BCE and is regarded as
a descendant of Huangdi, the Yellow Emperor. Legend says that four thousand
years ago, the water god was angry and opened such a big hole in the sky that
the rain poured straight down like a river, submerging the earth for many
years. Flood waters were everywhere, and Gun, Yu's father, was summoned by King
Shun to control the flood.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">Gun went up to Heaven and stole a bag of heavenly soil—called xi rang—which would grow when the
wind blew on it. To control the flood, he put some xi rang on the water and let the wind blow over it. Soon, the
soil grew and transformed into vast dams. Gun was very pleased and hoped the
dams could stop the flood water. However, as the dams were made of soil, they
could not hold back the surging water. Eventually, they collapsed and the
flooding became more severe. Gun was then put to death by King Shun for his
failure.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">When Yu grew up and saw people were suffering terribly from the flood,
he became determined to control it. Yu spent 13 years trying to control the flood,
covering vast distances. During those years, he passed by his home three times
but was so busy that he didn’t even stop in. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">Yu came to Wushan (the Wu Mountains), which stretched over 800 miles. He
wanted to cut a pass through the mountains to allow the flood water to escape
to the sea. But the rock was hard, and at times, the mountain and cliffs would
shake from the impact of the water. Many workers lost their lives in the
massive water surges that slammed into the mountain. For months, Yu was quite worried
that he had no way to cut the mountain rock.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">Yao Ji, the 23rd daughter of the Queen Mother of the West, had a kind
heart. She admired Yu's determination and was moved by the sufferings of the
people on earth, so she decided to help Yu. Yao told Yu to use fire to open up
Wushan, and she dispatched four divine generals, Kuang Zhang, Yu Yu, Huang Mo,
and Da Dai from Heaven to help him.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">Yu was very grateful to Yao Ji and led many people to set fires from
both ends of the mountain. Yao Ji and the divine beings also used their
supernormal capabilities and thunderbolts to strike at the mountain. After 49
days, the rock slowly turned soft and the workers were able to create a channel
through Wushan that allowed the flood water to pass to the sea.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">After the flood subsided, Wushan became the beautiful three gorges of
the Yangtze River known today. During the opening of Wushan, Yao Ji had
exhausted her divine energy and could not return to Heaven. So she remained on
earth and turned into a mountain peak on Wushan. Later, people named it
“Goddess Peak,” and the celestial maidens who forever accompanied Yao Ji turned
into various mountain ridges and peaks which are known as Wushan's twelve
mountain peaks.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">Because Yu was so kind and caring that he put other people's suffering
before his own, ordinary people loved him. King Shun also trusted Yu and
granted him the Xia area, which today is the city of Dayu Zhou in Henan
Providence.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">In the end, King Shun did not pass his throne to any of his sons.
Instead, when he died in 2208 BC, he gave it to the capable Yu the Great. Yu
was 89 years old at that time and lived to be 100.</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 18px;"><span class="apple-style-span"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; font-family: SimSun;">几乎所有的文明传统上都有洪水的传说。因为洪水淹没全球,破坏力很大,很少动植物能够生存。对于西方读者来说,最著名的版本莫过于《圣经》里第一部书《创世纪》中讲述的诺亚方舟故事</span></span><span class="apple-style-span"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; font-family: SimSun;">。在中国,洪水的故事与西方的强调角度不同。史前的这次洪水被看成是对农业发展的阻碍。救世英雄大禹的努力,把水引进大海而消退了洪水。中国因此有了一个适合于农作的中央河流大山谷,并由此发展了中国文明。</span></span></span><br />
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<span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: SimSun;">大禹,约生于公元前</span><span style="font-family: SimSun;">22</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: SimSun;">世纪,</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: SimSun;">是黄帝的后代。相传四千多年前,水神发了怒,把天撞了个大洞,天河里的水直泻而下,把大地吞没了,到处是汪洋。于是,鲧</span><span style="font-family: SimSun;">--</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: SimSun;">大禹的父亲被舜王叫去治水。</span><span style="font-family: SimSun;"><br />
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</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: SimSun;">鲧上天偷了一袋</span><span style="font-family: SimSun;">“</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: SimSun;">息壤</span><span style="font-family: SimSun;">”</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: SimSun;">。这息壤是神土,见风就增长。鲧十分高兴,治水时,他就取出一点息壤,放在水上,然后让风吹,息壤就变成一条一条的堤坝。鲧想用筑堤</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: SimSun;">
</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: SimSun;">的办法来减少洪火的冲击。可是,他想错了,水少可以用土堵一堵,可那样汹涌的洪水,光用土是挡不住的。所以堤坝最后总是被冲垮,水灾反而闹得更凶了。鲧由</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: SimSun;">
</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: SimSun;">于只相信筑堤坝堵水,结果没有把洪水治好,被舜处死了。</span><span style="font-family: SimSun;"> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: SimSun;">后来,禹长大了,他看到洪水滔天,民不聊生,决心治好洪水。大禹为治水穿山越岭,花了十三年去治水了。在这期间,他有三次经家门,但是没有时间进去。</span><span style="font-family: SimSun;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: SimSun;">大禹治水来到巫山,这巫山绵延八百里,岩石坚硬异常,更有狂风骤起,刮得天昏地暗,山崖震动,江涛像山峰一样矗立起来,凿山的民工有许多丧命于狂风骇浪之中,几个月来,无法凿开那坚硬似铁的岩石,大禹甚为发愁。</span><span style="font-family: SimSun;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: SimSun;">西王母第二十三个女儿瑶姬,心地善良。她敬佩大禹为民治水的精神,又有感于人们受洪水之苦。决定帮忙禹。慨然答应。她告诉大禹:要打通巫山,须用火烧。又派出神将狂章、虞余、黄魔、大翳</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: SimSun;">
</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: SimSun;">去帮助大禹治水。</span><span style="font-family: SimSun;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: SimSun;">大禹非常感激瑶姬的指点,率众百姓在巫山两头放起火来,瑶姬和神将也施展本领,或用电轰,或用雷霹。经过七七四十九个日夜,坚硬的岩石渐渐变软起来,施工的人们很快就打通了巫山八百里,让洪水从巴蜀境内流出来,直向大海奔去。</span><span style="font-family: SimSun;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: SimSun;">治理后的巫山成为美丽的长江三峡风光。瑶姬也因在打通三峡时耗尽了神力,回不到天上,只能留在人间。她天天站在高崖上凝神眺望,看到三峡风险浪急,许多行船在风浪中沉没,她就派遣了几千只水鸟,轮番在峡谷中飞行,担任行船的导航,引导人们安全地从峡谷中通过。</span><span style="font-family: SimSun;"> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: SimSun;">瑶姬长久地站在高崖上,日复一日,年复一年,久而久之,渐渐地化为巫山的一座山峰,后人称之为</span><span style="font-family: SimSun;">“</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: SimSun;">神女峰</span><span style="font-family: SimSun;">”</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: SimSun;">。而陪伴她的侍女们,也化成大大小小的峰峦,永远陪伴着瑶姬,这就是巫山十二峰。</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: SimSun;">
</span><span style="font-family: SimSun;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: SimSun;">由于大禹仁爱宽厚,以百姓疾苦为先,深受人们的爱戴。舜也十分信任大禹,便封他于夏地,就是今天的河南省大禹州市。</span><span style="font-family: SimSun;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: SimSun; font-size: 11pt;">舜没有把帝王之位传给自己的子孙,而是于公元前</span><span style="font-family: SimSun; font-size: 11pt;">2208</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: SimSun; font-size: 11pt;">年禅让给贤能的大禹。当时禹</span><span style="font-family: SimSun; font-size: 11pt;">89<span lang="ZH-CN">岁,后来活到</span>100<span lang="ZH-CN">岁。</span></span>Joon Tai 运开http://www.blogger.com/profile/12397024663559678039noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-357638545917444763.post-18158352052132652032011-07-19T18:39:00.002+08:002011-07-19T18:46:25.211+08:00Maliang and his Magical Writing Brush 马良与他的神笔<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEinq7-AOTe-QlFYsS75xSY6BD_S33Lw9Uq1BNSwqbF6vqONwA86Q_nLVcGwu5IuPTyddd8hsA7_QAth93HjUA14JAfSbBHP18ahJbPAiXxrGowuw38r0Whra7MUN1XVn_yKGZm7ryASNVk/s1600/%25E9%25A9%25AC%25E8%2589%25AF.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="361" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEinq7-AOTe-QlFYsS75xSY6BD_S33Lw9Uq1BNSwqbF6vqONwA86Q_nLVcGwu5IuPTyddd8hsA7_QAth93HjUA14JAfSbBHP18ahJbPAiXxrGowuw38r0Whra7MUN1XVn_yKGZm7ryASNVk/s400/%25E9%25A9%25AC%25E8%2589%25AF.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-SG; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Once upon a time, there was a poor and kind young man called Ma Liang. He helped a rich man to tend cattle. He liked drawing and drew pictures everywhere. One night, he dreamed that an old man gave him a magic paintbrush and asked him to use it to help poor people. When he woke up, he found the magic paintbrush in his desk. </span></div>
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<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-SG; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">From that day on, he used the paintbrush whenever people needed help. When he saw that people had no water to use in the fields, he drew a river and the river came to life. People could bring water from the river to the field and save a lot of time and energy. When he saw it was difficult for people to till lands, he drew a cow and the cow came to life. People could use the cow to till lands very easily. </span></div>
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<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-SG; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">He became famous as many people knew about the magic paintbrush. </span></div>
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<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-SG; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The rich man whom Ma Liang helped was a bad man. He sent some people to the Ma Liang's home and took him to the prison. After getting the magic paintbrush, he invited a lot of his friends to come to his home. However, none of the pictures he drew become real. </span></div>
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<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-SG; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">He was very angry and asked some people to get Ma Liang. He said to Ma Liang, "If you draw some pictures for me and turn them to life, I will set you free." Ma Liang said, "I can help you." </span></div>
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<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-SG; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The rich man laughed and said, "I want a golden mountain. I will go there to gather gold." </span></div>
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<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-SG; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The young man drew a sea first. The rich man was angry and said," Why did you draw a sea? I do not want this. I want a golden mountain. Draw it quickly." Then the young man drew a golden mountain which was far away from the sea. The rich man saw that and felt very happy. He said, "Draw a big ship quickly. I want to go there to gather gold." The young man smiled quietly and drew a big ship. The rich man jumped into the ship first and a lot of his family and friends jumped in too. When the ship sailed to the middle of the sea, the young man drew a large wave and it destroyed the ship. So the rich man and his friends died. </span></div>
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<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-SG; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">After that, the young man lived with his family happily and kept on helping the poor people. So the magic paintbrush was known by everyone.</span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-CN" style="color: windowtext; font-family: SimSun; mso-ansi-language: EN-SG;">从前,有个穷苦但是善良的年轻人名叫马良。他帮一个有钱人看牛。他喜欢画画,所以无处不画。一个晚上,他梦见一个老人给他一支神笔,要他用它来帮助穷人。当他醒来时,那支神笔就在他的桌子上。</span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-CN" style="color: windowtext; font-family: SimSun; mso-ansi-language: EN-SG;">从那天开始,他用他的神笔来帮助那些需要帮助的人。当他看到人们没有水来灌田,他就画一条河,河就变成一条真的河流。人们从河里拿水到田里,节省了很多精力与时间。他看到人们耕田辛苦,他就画了只牛,牛就变成了真的牛。人们用牛来耕田,轻松得多了。</span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-CN" style="color: windowtext; font-family: SimSun; mso-ansi-language: EN-SG;">因为很多人知道了神笔的事,他因此远近闻名。</span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-CN" style="color: windowtext; font-family: SimSun; mso-ansi-language: EN-SG;">他为他干活的那个有钱人是个坏人。他派人到马良的家把马良关进监牢里。得到了马良的神笔后,富人邀请了很多朋友到他的家里来。可是,他所画的图画,没有一幅能活了起来。</span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-CN" style="color: windowtext; font-family: SimSun; mso-ansi-language: EN-SG;">他很生气,派人去把马良带来。他对马良说:‘如果你能画些图画,然后令这些图画或了去来,我就让你自由。’马良说:‘我可以帮你。’</span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-CN" style="color: windowtext; font-family: SimSun; mso-ansi-language: EN-SG;">富人笑了,说:‘我要一座金山。我要到那里去取金。’</span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-CN" style="color: windowtext; font-family: SimSun; mso-ansi-language: EN-SG; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">年轻人先画了一片海。富人很生气地说:‘为什么画海?我不要这个。我要金山。快给我画。’年轻人接着在海的远方画了一座金山。富人看了很生气。他说,‘快点画一艘大船。我要到那儿取金。’年轻人暗笑,画了一艘大船。富人先跳上大船,他的家人与朋友都跟着跳上去。当船行走到海的中央时,年轻人画了大风浪,把船给毁了。所以,富人与他的朋友全被淹死了。</span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-CN" style="color: windowtext; font-family: SimSun; mso-ansi-language: EN-SG; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">此后,年轻人与他的家人快快乐乐地生活,并且继续帮助穷人。所以,他的神笔人人皆知。</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: SimSun; mso-ansi-language: EN-SG;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
Joon Tai 运开http://www.blogger.com/profile/12397024663559678039noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-357638545917444763.post-64361577297704073402011-06-28T10:44:00.001+08:002011-12-31T22:33:57.083+08:00The Feeling of Filial Piety Moved Heaven 大舜孝感动天<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<span class="apple-style-span"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: windowtext; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">The filial piety of Emperor</span></span><span class="apple-style-span"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: windowtext; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;"> Shun (23<sup>rd</sup> to 22<sup>nd</sup> century BC)</span></span><span class="apple-style-span"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: windowtext; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;"> was mentioned by Mencius when he said: <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span class="apple-style-span"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: windowtext; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">'Suppose the case of the whole kingdom turning in great delight to an individual to submit to him. To regard the whole kingdom thus turning to him in great delight but as a bundle of grass - only Shun was capable of this. He considered that if one could not get the hearts of his parents he could not be considered a man, and that if he could not get to an entire accord with his parents, he could not be considered a son. By Shun's completely fulfilling everything by which a parent could be served, Gus</span></span><span class="apple-style-span"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: windowtext; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">h</span></span><span class="apple-style-span"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: windowtext; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">ou </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: windowtext; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">(his father, </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">literally means Blind Old-Man)</span><span class="apple-style-span"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: windowtext; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;"> was brought to find delight in what was good. When Gushou was brought to find that delight, the whole kingdom was transformed. When Gu Sou was brought to find that delight, all fathers and sons in the kingdom were established in their respective duties. This is called great filial piety.'<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span class="apple-style-span"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: windowtext;">The story of Shun’s filial piety was later included as the first story in the book entitled The Twenty-four Paragons of Filial Piety written by the Yuan Dynasty scholar Guo Jujing.</span></span><span style="color: windowtext;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: windowtext;">In ancient China, during the reign of Yu, there lived a young man named Shun who was the son of Gushou. His nature was most filial. But his father was obstinate and his mother was boorish. His younger brother Xiang was proud and overbearing.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">His families treated him very ill, and his mother and brother even had tried to murder him for several times. But every time after he saved himself with his wits, he forgave them. When he realized that his families hated him so much that they could not stop brewing plot against him, he run away and farm on Mount Li (in today's Shandong province)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">When he worked in the field, the elephants ploughed for him and the birds weeded for him, for his feelings of filial piety were so great (that even the beasts were moved). Emperor Yao (of Tang) heard of this; he sent nine of his sons to wait on him and two of his daughters to be his wives and later abdicated the throne in his favour.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">Verses praise him saying:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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Herds of elephants plough in the spring;<br />
Flocks of birds pull the weeds;<br />
He is the heir of Yao and mounts his throne;<br />
The spirit of filial piety moves the heart of Heaven.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: SimSun;">.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-CN" style="color: windowtext; font-family: SimSun;">孟子谈到‘孝’时提到了帝舜(公元前</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: SimSun;">23<span lang="ZH-CN">至</span>22<span lang="ZH-CN">世纪之间):</span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span class="apple-style-span"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="color: windowtext; font-family: SimSun;">‘天下大悦而将归己。视天下悦而归己,犹草芥也。惟舜为然。不得乎亲,不可以为 人;不顺乎亲,不可以为子。言舜视天下之归己如草芥,而惟欲得其亲而顺之也。得者。曲为承顺以得其心之悦而已。顺则有以谕之于道,心与之一而未始有违,尤人所难也。为人盖泛言之,为子则愈密矣。舜尽事亲之道而瞽瞍厎豫,瞽瞍厎豫而天下化,瞽瞍厎豫而天下之为父子者定,此之谓 大孝。’</span></span><span class="apple-style-span"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: windowtext; font-family: SimSun;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-CN" style="color: windowtext; font-family: SimSun;">后来元代学者郭居敬把这个故事编排在他所编的《全相二十四孝》里的第一个故事:</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: SimSun;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-CN" style="color: windowtext; font-family: SimSun;">虞舜。瞽瞍之子。性至孝。父顽母嚣。弟象傲</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: SimSun;">, </span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="color: windowtext; font-family: SimSun;">尝谋杀舜,舜遂遁。舜耕于历山。有象为之耕。有鸟为之耘。其孝感如此。帝尧闻之。事以九男。妻以二女。遂以天下让焉。</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: SimSun;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-CN" style="color: windowtext; font-family: SimSun;">系诗颂之。诗曰:</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: SimSun;"><br />
</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="color: windowtext; font-family: SimSun;">对对耕春象。</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: SimSun;"><br />
</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="color: windowtext; font-family: SimSun;">纷纷耘草禽。</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: SimSun;"><br />
</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="color: windowtext; font-family: SimSun;">嗣尧登帝位。</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: SimSun;"><br />
</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="color: windowtext; font-family: SimSun;">孝感动天下。</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: SimSun;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-family: SimSun; font-size: 11pt;"><br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" /> </span></div>Joon Tai 运开http://www.blogger.com/profile/12397024663559678039noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-357638545917444763.post-59299593961944926362011-05-24T19:13:00.000+08:002011-05-24T19:13:09.891+08:00Yan Zhenqing: A Note on Political Principles 颜真卿:守政帖<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhFGIG_pgpNBqx3p1kdOZOSVCuUiOB9ZMkM50o831w8z4yQQdRXP3RMa7w1e1bP744D1ukKlighdVStFHWefBFwfj5rSw2B0IAKQlLhlkLRxOz1AMGEIANUF8cBGrf_IVBv8Lt3VXC_Dbc/s1600/Yan+Zhenqing.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhFGIG_pgpNBqx3p1kdOZOSVCuUiOB9ZMkM50o831w8z4yQQdRXP3RMa7w1e1bP744D1ukKlighdVStFHWefBFwfj5rSw2B0IAKQlLhlkLRxOz1AMGEIANUF8cBGrf_IVBv8Lt3VXC_Dbc/s320/Yan+Zhenqing.jpg" width="230" /></a></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-SG; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Yan Zhenqing (709-785) was a great calligrapher as well as a high official in the Tang Dynasty. </span><span class="apple-style-span"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">His artistic accomplishment in Chinese calligraphy parallels the greatest master calligraphers throughout the history, and his</span></span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> </span></span><span class="apple-style-span"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">regular script</span></span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> </span></span><span class="apple-style-span"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">style,</span></span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> </span></span><span class="apple-style-span"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">Yan</span></span><span class="apple-style-span"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">, is often imitated.</span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span class="apple-style-span"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></span><span class="apple-style-span"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Yan Zhenqing and his family were known for having an honest and forthright character; they would rather die than go against their principles. This quality was eulogized throughout Chinese history. Yan Zhenqing’s brother, Yan Gaoqing, and nephew, Yan Jiming, were captured by An Lushan during the Anshi Rebellion. Yan Aiqing scathingly denounced An Lushan. An Lushan broke his bones, but he refused to retract his words. Then An Lushan cut out his tongue, but he never yielded.</span></span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-SG; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Yan Zhenqing </span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">himself </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-SG; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">was a victim of political frame-up for several times. This note was written to his sons and grandsons during his exile.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-SG; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">There are certain principles for statesmen to follow and they must be followed.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-SG; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Last year I offended the court by my remonstration and was punished. But I will never sacrifice principle for the sake of pandering to the prevailing ideas. If I did, I would have to stand condemned through the ages. Although I am now exiled to a remote place, I would not feel ashamed of it throughout my life. I hope you will comprehend what I mean and will never abandon the principles.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgT1Qbavp2y9MUWu_QVIlCMETqLoSW1EiMwvgDiBnz5vohM5V2GHKHPqLNueLaaxzuSIjHHXX5wArFBoFc6kptyQBJ_zbcGmmBXP1TVTO_9eDqX34CvP5hyphenhyphen52MUk8E1gzW_eetzfjWkOfE/s1600/%25E9%25A2%259C%25E7%259C%259F%25E5%258D%25BF+%25E5%25AE%2588%25E6%2594%25BF%25E5%25B8%2596.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="270" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgT1Qbavp2y9MUWu_QVIlCMETqLoSW1EiMwvgDiBnz5vohM5V2GHKHPqLNueLaaxzuSIjHHXX5wArFBoFc6kptyQBJ_zbcGmmBXP1TVTO_9eDqX34CvP5hyphenhyphen52MUk8E1gzW_eetzfjWkOfE/s400/%25E9%25A2%259C%25E7%259C%259F%25E5%258D%25BF+%25E5%25AE%2588%25E6%2594%25BF%25E5%25B8%2596.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="color: windowtext; font-family: SimSun; mso-ansi-language: EN-SG;">颜真卿(</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: SimSun; mso-ansi-language: EN-SG;">709-785<span lang="ZH-CN">)是唐代的一个大书法家与朝廷官员。他在艺术上的成就,可以比拟历史上任何一位书法大师,而他的颜体为世人所研习。</span><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="color: windowtext; font-family: SimSun; mso-ansi-language: EN-SG;">颜真卿与其家人以诚实与直率个性而闻名于世。他们宁死也不愿意违反原则。他们的这种品质在历史上为人赞颂。安史之乱时,他的哥哥</span><span class="apple-style-span"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">颜杲</span></span><span class="apple-style-span"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun;">卿与侄儿颜季明为安禄山所擒。颜杲卿痛斥安禄山。安禄山断其骨,但是他就是不肯屈服。安禄山再割其舌,但是其还是屈服。</span></span><span class="apple-style-span"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span class="apple-style-span"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun;">颜真卿本身也受到不少政治陷害。以下是他写给他的儿子与孙子的信。</span></span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: SimSun; mso-ansi-language: EN-SG;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span class="apple-style-span"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="color: windowtext; font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">政可守,不可不守。吾去岁中言事得罪,又不能逆道苟时,为千古罪人也。虽贬居远方,终身不耻。绪汝等当,须谓吾之寸心不可不守也</span></span><span class="apple-style-span"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="color: windowtext; font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun;">。</span></span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: SimSun; mso-ansi-language: EN-SG;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div>Joon Tai 运开http://www.blogger.com/profile/12397024663559678039noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-357638545917444763.post-66757336229542892252011-04-26T21:00:00.003+08:002011-04-26T21:05:30.715+08:00Lord Ye’s Love of Dragon 叶公好龙<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh18RuQopPYzW6XsritJvhFuiaF4si0RnJcNz5wkcXqHfr03PSK6il2Guoc13ecyMnFe5iNN86dCnvhgM3IwpDwp7cn9vc_ctp_ttrMRckb0O6YP74hzDhQpV17ofb4c1qpu5G1lhNCQhQ/s1600/%25E5%258F%25B6%25E5%2585%25AC%25E5%25A5%25BD%25E9%25BE%2599.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; cssfloat: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" i8="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh18RuQopPYzW6XsritJvhFuiaF4si0RnJcNz5wkcXqHfr03PSK6il2Guoc13ecyMnFe5iNN86dCnvhgM3IwpDwp7cn9vc_ctp_ttrMRckb0O6YP74hzDhQpV17ofb4c1qpu5G1lhNCQhQ/s1600/%25E5%258F%25B6%25E5%2585%25AC%25E5%25A5%25BD%25E9%25BE%2599.jpg" /></a></div><div style="text-align: justify;">A story about ‘Lord Ye Loves Dragons’ was recorded in the Miscellany chapter of the book ‘New Prefaces’ by Liu Xiang of Han dynasty. It is used to criticise those high-sounding hypocritical people.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Zi Zhang, a student of Confucius, went to see the Duke of Lu, hoping to get a job in his court. However, Zi Zhang was neglected by the duke for seven days. Felt embarrassed, he asked his servant to pass the following message to the Duke of Lu:</div><div style="text-align: justify;">“I heard you have high regards for the talents, and therefore travelled a long distance to visit you. In order to travel here, I have to brave the cold current and sand storm, and walked non-stop for many days. However, you have been ignoring me for seven days. That makes me think your so-called cherishing talent is actually like Lord Ye who loves dragon. </div><div style="text-align: justify;">It is said that in ancient time there was a Lord Ye who was so fond of dragons that he had them embroidered on his cloths, carved on his wine bronze vessels, and painted all over his house.</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Hearing of this, the dragon in heaven came down to thrust its head through the Lord’s door and put his tail through the window. At this sight, the Lord Ye fled, frightened nearly out of his wits.</div><div style="text-align: justify;">This shows that Lord Ye was not truly fond of the dragons. He liked what looked like a dragon, not the real things.</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Now I heard you are fond of talents and travelled from far away to see you. But you have neglected me for seven days. You are not actually fond of talents; you like what looks like talents, not the real talents. </div><div style="text-align: justify;">It is said in the Book of Poetry: ‘Things you love in your heart, how could you ever forget?’ So, I am sorry, I have to leave now.”</div><div style="text-align: justify;">.<br />
<iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="330" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/7sSIupRDCcs" title="YouTube video player" width="400"></iframe><br />
.</div><div style="text-align: justify;">汉•刘向《新序•杂事》记载的故事是用来讽刺那些位居高位的伪君子。</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">子张见鲁哀公,七日而哀公不礼。托仆夫而去,曰:</div><div style="text-align: justify;">“臣闻君好士,故不远千里之外,犯霜露,冒尘垢,百舍重研,不敢休息以见君。七日而君不礼,君之好士也,有似叶公子高之好龙也。</div><div style="text-align: justify;">叶公子高好龙,钩以写龙,凿以写龙,屋室雕文以写龙。</div><div style="text-align: justify;">于是天龙闻而下之,窥头于牖,施尾于堂。叶公见之,弃而还走,失其魂魄,五色无主。</div><div style="text-align: justify;">是叶公非好龙也,好夫似龙而非龙者也。</div><div style="text-align: justify;">今臣闻君好士,故不远千里之外以见君,七日而君不礼,君非好士也,好夫似士而非士者也。</div><div style="text-align: justify;">诗曰:‘中心藏之,何日忘之!’敢托而去。” </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div>Joon Tai 运开http://www.blogger.com/profile/12397024663559678039noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-357638545917444763.post-76142217844633092712011-03-29T10:03:00.000+08:002011-03-29T10:03:13.428+08:00Confucius: Not Easy to Know a Person 孔子:知人不易<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhu3EJMjc_GPFkJTfB-WAF3DQPWtZ_8BEnLrVH_Ut6b8QT8k83PESMGe1Wy8_aLKIfvGr_PW-a0MtPu8LQ0UOTu-UDjdnH07_-rf1pt1KXKyfuzRhIZt2G8S6JmEJRBHgqzWLrZUnaHkSQ/s1600/Yan+Hui.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; cssfloat: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" r6="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhu3EJMjc_GPFkJTfB-WAF3DQPWtZ_8BEnLrVH_Ut6b8QT8k83PESMGe1Wy8_aLKIfvGr_PW-a0MtPu8LQ0UOTu-UDjdnH07_-rf1pt1KXKyfuzRhIZt2G8S6JmEJRBHgqzWLrZUnaHkSQ/s320/Yan+Hui.jpg" width="309" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Yan Hui 颜回</td></tr>
</tbody></table><div style="text-align: justify;">Yan Hui, also known as Zi Yuan and Yan Yuan, was one of the outstanding students in the early teaching career of Confucius. He is from the country Lu. He also followed Confucius as he travelled around the countries. He was the most accomplished student in the category of morality and had great success in virtue and the classics. He was the only person to be praised by Confucius as a humane man. His hair went white when he was twenty-nine, and he died when he was thirty-one years old.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div style="text-align: justify;">It was recorded that a small action by Yuan Hui had caused Confucius to misunderstand him. Although the misunderstanding was finally cleared up, the incident led Confucius to sigh with emotion that it is not easy to know a man well. Even a sage like Confucius can be confused, how about ordinary people like us?</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Here is a story selected from the Lu’s Spring and Autumn Annals:</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Confucius and his followers were once stranded in the bordering area between the state of Chen and the state of Cai, where he was in such adversity that for seven days he hadn’t eaten a single grain of rice and had to relieve his hunger with only weeds from the woods. As he was taking his nap at midday, his pupil Yan Hui brought back some rice obtained by begging and started cooking. As the rice was almost done, Confucius saw Yan Hui eating some of it. When the rice was done, Yan Hui offered the rice to Confucius with great respect. Confucius pretended not to have seen anything, got up and said, "I have seen my deceased father in my dream, and would like to make an offering to him with this meal."</div><div style="text-align: justify;">"You can’t offer the rice, it is not pure," Yan Hui said. "During the cooking, there was coal dust in the pan. Since it is a pity to throw away food messed with coal dust, I picked out the dirty grains and ate them."</div><div style="text-align: justify;">After a deep sigh, Confucius said, "I always rely on my eyes to judge, but at times my eyes cannot be trusted; I always rely on our hearts to judge, but our judgment is not always reliable. People, please take note: it is not easy to know a man well." </div><div style="text-align: justify;">.</div><div style="text-align: justify;">颜回,又称子渊与颜渊,是孔子早期的一个杰出的学生。他来自鲁国,跟随孔子周游诸国。在孔子的弟子中,颜渊以“贤”而著称,是唯一被孔子称赞为仁者。他的头发29岁时变白,31岁就去世。</div><div style="text-align: justify;">据说,有一次颜回的一个小小的举动,却招致了孔子的误会。虽然误会最终冰释,孔子却不由得发出“知人不易”的感慨。连“圣人”孔子在“知人”方面都有困惑的时候,何况我们常人呢!</div><div style="text-align: justify;">以下故事选自《吕氏春秋》:</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">孔子穷乎陈蔡之间,藜羹不斟,七日不尝粒,昼寝。颜回索米,得而 之,几熟,孔子望见颜回攫其甑中而食之。选间食熟,谒孔子而进食。孔子佯装不见之。孔子起曰:"今者梦见先君,食洁而后馈。" </div><div style="text-align: justify;">颜回对曰:"不可,向者煤 入甄中,弃食不祥,回攫而饮之。" </div><div style="text-align: justify;">孔子叹曰:"所信者目也,而目犹不可信;所恃者心也,而心犹不足恃。弟子记之,知人固不易矣!"</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div>Joon Tai 运开http://www.blogger.com/profile/12397024663559678039noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-357638545917444763.post-89069501316848455662011-03-15T21:19:00.000+08:002011-03-15T21:19:37.674+08:00Fairy Fox Repaid Previous Debts 狐女还债<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgsz833Bkgost7OkJmSY4MfIY0Z5BrdR8HIOHehUKSDEx19n_RiKTQmIVNnasCj_ZdcFiIuVaSQkABXIP7KYdOINmvdaFti1YNJUTyHDZQGhg9Lidn3tXLD22nP1KpzECBlJU1vbGJu5D0/s1600/Fairy+Fox.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; cssfloat: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" q6="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgsz833Bkgost7OkJmSY4MfIY0Z5BrdR8HIOHehUKSDEx19n_RiKTQmIVNnasCj_ZdcFiIuVaSQkABXIP7KYdOINmvdaFti1YNJUTyHDZQGhg9Lidn3tXLD22nP1KpzECBlJU1vbGJu5D0/s400/Fairy+Fox.jpg" width="285" /></a></div><div style="text-align: justify;">The following story is from ‘Gossips from the Micro-reading Hall’.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Mr Chu had a young maid servant; she was rough and robust. But as she grew up she became a very pretty and charming lady. So Chu married made her his concubine. She was also bright and managed the household matters well. None of the servants would dream of cheating her on household or financial matters, as surely they would be caught. She was also quite adroit in business dealings and financial investment. Soon she acquired a considered fortune for Chu who loved and treasured her even more as years went by. </div><div style="text-align: justify;">Then one day, she asked Chu, ‘Do you really know who I am?’ Chu laughed and said, ‘Are you kidding?’ He said out her pet name and asked her, 'aren’t you the former young maid?’ </div><div style="text-align: justify;">She said, ‘No, that young maid had already absconded from your house many years back. She is now married in the next village and had a seven year old son. I am actually a fairy fox. Nine generations ago you were a very rich merchant, I was your trusted accountant and you had treated me very well. Yet I misappropriated three thousand taels of gold from you. I was punished and was later born as a fox while you continued to be born as human beings. I have since been practicing the art of ascetics for hundreds of years and have completed the training. I was able to ascend to the next world but for the debt I still owe you. So when the ugly maid ran away I replaced her and later became your concubine. In the past years I have worked very hard and had earned enough money for you to repay the debts. SO I am now leaving you. And when I leave I will leave behind my fox carcass, and you ask your servant to bury me, he will certainly remove the skin of the fox to sell elsewhere. Do let him do it without stopping him, for in my previous existence as a fox I had consumed the corpse of his previous life four generations ago when I was hungry. I have to let him mutilate my body, as I have to repay that debt too.’</div><div style="text-align: justify;">She then dropped on to the floor. The fairy fox left the dead body and ascended slowly out of the house. She looked completely different from the concubine. Chu didn’t want the dead body to be mutilated, he buried it secretly. But the servant knew about it and dug it out, skinned the carcass and sold the fur. When Chu heard about it he could only sigh.</div><div style="text-align: justify;">.</div><div style="text-align: justify;">以下故事来自《阅微草堂笔记》:</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">朱某一婢,粗材也,稍长,渐慧黠,眉目亦渐秀媚,因纳为妾,颇有心计,摒挡井井,米盐琐屑,家人纤毫不敢欺,欺则必败。又善居积,凡所贩鬻,来岁价必贵,朱以渐裕,宠之专房。</div><div style="text-align: justify;">一日忽谓朱曰:君知我为谁,朱笑曰:尔颠耶?因戏举其小名曰,尔非某耶?</div><div style="text-align: justify;">曰:非也,某逃去久矣,今为某地某人妇,生子已七八岁。我本狐女,君九世前为巨商,我为司会计,君遇我厚,而我乾没君三千余金,冥谪堕狐身,炼形数百年,幸得成道,然坐此负累,终不得升仙,故因此婢之逃,幻其貌以事君。计十余年来,所入足以敌所逋,今尸解去矣。我去之后,必现狐形,君可付某仆埋之。彼必裂尸而取革,君勿罪彼。彼四世前为饿殍时,我未成道,曾啖其尸,听彼碎磔我,庶冤可散也。</div><div style="text-align: justify;">俄化狐仆地,有好女长数寸,出顶上,冉冉去,其貌则别一人矣。朱不忍而自埋之,卒为此仆窃发,剥卖其皮,朱知为夙业,浩叹而已。</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div>Joon Tai 运开http://www.blogger.com/profile/12397024663559678039noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-357638545917444763.post-7800380970726155922011-03-01T10:20:00.000+08:002011-03-01T10:20:10.108+08:00Han Feizi: Zheng Man Buys Shoes 韩非子:郑人置履<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjh2J1S_u3h_ZI02Y07JTRB5o7tVXCOrUmMRG5n76XCdDq_jzbItl9VaPoJTQcpydRp5L4UnUOHyutxAiyDVa857lgjSif-b31xrOYxX_MUzEyla2NWz2O1JPIRMooqxy2eUU33FB43Eyc/s1600/Hanfeizi.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; cssfloat: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" l6="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjh2J1S_u3h_ZI02Y07JTRB5o7tVXCOrUmMRG5n76XCdDq_jzbItl9VaPoJTQcpydRp5L4UnUOHyutxAiyDVa857lgjSif-b31xrOYxX_MUzEyla2NWz2O1JPIRMooqxy2eUU33FB43Eyc/s1600/Hanfeizi.jpg" /></a></div><div style="text-align: justify;">Han Fei, or Han Feizi (ca. 280 BC – 233 BC) was a Chinese philosopher who developed the doctrine of the School of Law or Legalism. Unlike the other famed philosophers of the time, Han Fei was a member of the ruling aristocracy, having been born into the ruling family of the state of Han during the end phase of the Warring States Period.</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Han Fei's philosophy centred on the ruler who could firmly controls the state with the help of three concepts: his position of power, proper techniques, and laws. Legalism assumes that everyone acts according to one principle: avoiding punishment while simultaneously trying to achieve gains. Thus, the law must severely punish any unwanted action, while at the same time reward those who follow it. </div><div style="text-align: justify;">His handbook for the ruler deals with the problems of strengthening and preserving the state, the way of the ruler, the use of power, and punishment and favour. Ironically, the ruler most influenced by Han Feizi, the king of Qin, eventually sent Han Feizi to prison, where he later committed suicide.</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Here is a fable cited by him on a person who rigidly adheres to rules and regulations (or established convention), while at the same time ignoring the reality of a situation.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">A man from Zheng, needing some shoes, measured his feet, but left the measurements behind on his chair. When he got to market, he forgot to bring the measurements. He found some shoes, but he murmured, ‘I forgot to bring the measurements.’ He turned around to return home and get them. By the time he got back to the market, it was closed, and so he did not get any shoes. </div><div style="text-align: justify;">Someone said, "Why didn't you just try them on your feet?" The man said, "I trust the measurements, not my feet."</div><div style="text-align: justify;">.</div><iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="310" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/mj_vSZMWdMY" title="YouTube video player" width="410"></iframe><br />
.<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">韩非,或韩非子(大约公元前280年至233年左右)发起法学说的中国哲学家。与当时其他的著名哲学家不同的是,韩非生长在战国时代韩国统治者的贵族家庭。</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi9Vr03H3WrqADi87AI-x4ZsV5SXJUpjWWeT_-6VdQGJyJeQ9TUjEPnZgyamBwBIFel65qFXfq7g267do_NHRrrH85IXHTNAsyGjI1x4YCWRE-N9pwvGir1hFLYxoqzuEOctXlnJUbBhoU/s1600/Hanfeizi+Zheng+Ren.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; cssfloat: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" l6="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi9Vr03H3WrqADi87AI-x4ZsV5SXJUpjWWeT_-6VdQGJyJeQ9TUjEPnZgyamBwBIFel65qFXfq7g267do_NHRrrH85IXHTNAsyGjI1x4YCWRE-N9pwvGir1hFLYxoqzuEOctXlnJUbBhoU/s1600/Hanfeizi+Zheng+Ren.jpg" /></a></div><div style="text-align: justify;">韩非的哲学主要是集中在统治者以势、术与法牢牢控制国家。法家假设每个人都以一个原则来行动:避免惩罚的同时获取最大利益。所以,法律应该惩罚不必要的行为,并奖励那些遵守守法的人。</div><div style="text-align: justify;">他为统治者书写的指导涉及加强及维持统治的问题,统治者之道,权力的应用,奖与罚,等等。有讽刺意味的是,秦王受韩非的影响很大,最后却把韩非关进监牢,他就在牢里自杀。</div><div style="text-align: justify;">这里是他讲的一个有关一个人拘守礼法而无视于现实情况的寓言:</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">郑人有且置履者,先自度其足,而置之其坐。至之市而忘操之。已得履,乃曰:“吾忘持度。”反归取之。及反,市罢,遂不得履。</div><div style="text-align: justify;">人曰:“何不试之以足? ”曰:“宁信度, 无自信也。”</div>Joon Tai 运开http://www.blogger.com/profile/12397024663559678039noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-357638545917444763.post-48622256737192896782011-02-15T18:25:00.002+08:002011-02-15T18:29:24.415+08:00The Rabbit and Old Chinese Sayings 成语中的兔子<div style="text-align: justify;">This year is the Chinese year of the rabbit and there are a number of Chinese proverbs and idioms feature references to the rabbit, for example: ‘Foxes grieve over the death of rabbits’, ‘A rabbit’s tail cannot be long’, ‘When cunning hares have all been hunted, fleeing hounds will be cooked as food’, ‘A sly rabbit has three openings to its den’, ‘Waiting for a rabbit to hit upon a tree and be killed in order to catch it’ and etc.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiY48CMih41HccKmQ6B5pLNQVMWGximON8h9rZtdI4Bw1hnazp_aGDJhjCDGM2T7i1T0VzrlXP4NFV_DW_PO_VKoDie5-NWg3YFCtUZgFfZseRCO242Pa179-2q5RnF328AvNwGUpI83eE/s1600/%25E5%25AE%2588%25E6%25A0%25AA%25E5%25BE%2585%25E5%2585%2594.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; cssfloat: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" h5="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiY48CMih41HccKmQ6B5pLNQVMWGximON8h9rZtdI4Bw1hnazp_aGDJhjCDGM2T7i1T0VzrlXP4NFV_DW_PO_VKoDie5-NWg3YFCtUZgFfZseRCO242Pa179-2q5RnF328AvNwGUpI83eE/s1600/%25E5%25AE%2588%25E6%25A0%25AA%25E5%25BE%2585%25E5%2585%2594.jpg" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">守株待兔</td></tr>
</tbody></table><div style="text-align: justify;">The saying ‘a rabbit’s tail cannot be long’ refers to who resort to treachery cannot get away for it very long and ‘Foxes grieve over the death of rabbits’ reflect a person’s sad feeling for the death or misfortunes of his companions.</div><div style="text-align: justify;">The proverb ‘When cunning hares have all been hunted, fleeing hounds will be cooked as food’ was once cited by the wise man Fan Li, an advisor in the state of Yue in the Spring and Autumn Period (722-481 BC). It is used to mean trusted aides are eliminated when they have outlived their usefulness. Fan Li was trying to advice his friend to leave the King who, in his opinion, was a man with whom one can weather difficult times together but not happiness, with whom one can weather danger together but not live peace together. It is therefore important to leave him before he harms you. <a href="http://chineselifeworld.blogspot.com/2009/11/fan-li-know-pattern-of-advance-and.html">Click here to read more about Fan Li’s advice</a>.</div><div style="text-align: justify;">The proverb ‘A sly rabbit has three openings to its den’ indicates having more hiding places or methods. It is used to suggest the need for backup plans or escape routes in dealing with uncertainties. It comes from a story in ‘Stratagems of the Warring States’ about Feng Xuan who had said: ‘Only with three burrows can a wily hare avoid the risk of death.’ <a href="http://chineselifeworld.blogspot.com/2010/04/feng-xuan-purchased-righteousness-for.html">Click here to read the story</a>.</div><div style="text-align: justify;">The proverb ‘Waiting for a rabbit to hit upon a tree and be killed in order to catch it’ comes from ‘The Five Vermin’ in ‘The Works of Han Feizi’. It advises that one should not wait for unexpected gains by leaving things to chance and luck, or one should not hope to get rewards without hard work.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Once in the Song Land there was a farmer, in whose field there was a tree. One day a rabbit ran toward the tree, too fast as to hit into the tree, broke its neck and died. From then on, he laid down his tools, doing nothing but wait under the lucky tree, hoping for another rabbit. But no more rabbit came, and the farmer turned out to be the laughing stock of his fellow countrymen.</div><div style="text-align: justify;">.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="330" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/4v5TZgsGM8c" title="YouTube video player" width="400"></iframe><br />
.</div><div style="text-align: justify;">今年是华人的兔年,有不少华人的成语和俗语是与兔子有关的,例如:‘兔死狐悲’,‘兔子尾巴长不了’,‘兔死狗烹’,‘狡兔三窟’,‘守株待兔’,等等。</div><div style="text-align: justify;">俗语‘兔子尾巴长不了’指的是背信弃义的事是维持不了多久的,而‘兔死狐悲’反映因同类的死亡或悲事而感到悲伤。</div><div style="text-align: justify;">成语‘兔死狗烹’曾被春秋时期(公元前722年至481年)越国大臣范蠡引用过,比喻事情成功以后,把出过力的人杀掉。范蠡尝试劝告他的朋友离开越王,认为越王‘可与共患难,而不可共处乐;可与履危,不可与安。’所以应该在不被他杀害之前离开。<a href="http://chineselifeworld.blogspot.com/2009/11/fan-li-know-pattern-of-advance-and.html">请点击这里阅读有关故事</a>。</div><div style="text-align: justify;">成语‘狡兔三窟’指兔子有多个隐藏处或指多个方法。它用来指明需要后备计划或者脱险通道来应付变化无常的局势。来自《战国策》冯谖的故事:‘狡兔有三窟,仅得免其死耳。’<a href="http://chineselifeworld.blogspot.com/2010/04/feng-xuan-purchased-righteousness-for.html">请点击这里阅读这个故事</a>。</div><div style="text-align: justify;">成语‘守株待兔’来自《韩非子•五蠹》,劝告我们不要听天由命,以来运气,或期望不劳而获。</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">宋人有耕田者。田中有株,兔走,触株折颈而死。因释其耒而守株,冀复得兔。兔不可得,而身为宋国笑。</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div>Joon Tai 运开http://www.blogger.com/profile/12397024663559678039noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-357638545917444763.post-53010371970094499072011-02-01T18:43:00.000+08:002011-02-01T18:43:05.031+08:00The Rabbit in Mythology 兔子的神话<div class="separator" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh020Yf_I-VC7U_XOYqPtiekTN8Wa75qF7ESa9oh89YBVu9L5qb78j0H9_hhZPx1RnFq7c2OxamfPlrP369TVr-2VMOeaQfAwqlszglI2t6vPsqZkHv3J-TLqRcuJ14iZfXghkVqSliTiQ/s1600/Jade+Rabbit+and+Chang-e.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; cssfloat: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" s5="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh020Yf_I-VC7U_XOYqPtiekTN8Wa75qF7ESa9oh89YBVu9L5qb78j0H9_hhZPx1RnFq7c2OxamfPlrP369TVr-2VMOeaQfAwqlszglI2t6vPsqZkHv3J-TLqRcuJ14iZfXghkVqSliTiQ/s320/Jade+Rabbit+and+Chang-e.jpg" width="228" /></a></div><div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; text-align: justify;">Rabbits have stood out in the human imagination for centuries. All across the world, wherever rabbits are found, they have become the subject of myth, folklore, and creative speculation. It's no surprise that these playful, intelligent and mysterious creatures have attracted the attention of mystics and storytellers throughout the world.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; text-align: justify;">In Chinese mythology, the Rabbit is a symbol of endurance and their essence is said to have originated from the Moon. The Moon is usually at its best in the Chinese mid-autumn night. , This is the time Chinese children carry paper lanterns made in the form of a Rabbit, and climb the hills to look at the Moon and admire the Moon Hare. </div><div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; text-align: justify;">The legend of the Jade Rabbit is considered to be an extension of Chang'e Flying to the Moon. It tells about three sages who transformed themselves into pitiful old men. One day they met a fox, a monkey and a rabbit, and they begged for food. The fox and the monkey shared their food with the old men; but the rabbit, with nothing to share, jumped into a blazing fire to offer his own flesh instead. The sages were so touched by the rabbit's kindness that they sent it to live in the Moon Palace, where it became the Jade Rabbit.</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Chang'e, who lived alone after arriving in the moon, liked the Jade Rabbit at the first sight, and therefore kept it company. As the time went by, Chang'e and Jade Rabbit became inseparable friends.</div><div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; text-align: justify;">Hearing about the story of Chang'e and Hou Yi, the Jade Rabbit felt sympathetic to them and decided to make a special heavenly medicine, which could help Chang'e return to Earth. Unfortunately, the Jade Rabbit has still not been able to make it even though he has worked hard for thousands of years. Observing the moon on the Mid-Autumn Day carefully, we can still see the Jade Rabbit making his heavenly medicine. </div><div style="text-align: justify;">.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhUk3L2bM5W6HPKRiyykvYIdIoFSx7uns3APailk74SzWcr7q9uPf_j662U0le3_7n3BSNSmGgrVVIEMwlTqr5r3bVRnyZU3Bm6FarN6aTxeZINuZejDMio8K5PWW09bTzqzThkHfcJvT0/s1600/Rabbit+Year+2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; cssfloat: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" s5="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhUk3L2bM5W6HPKRiyykvYIdIoFSx7uns3APailk74SzWcr7q9uPf_j662U0le3_7n3BSNSmGgrVVIEMwlTqr5r3bVRnyZU3Bm6FarN6aTxeZINuZejDMio8K5PWW09bTzqzThkHfcJvT0/s1600/Rabbit+Year+2.jpg" /></a></div><div style="text-align: justify;">自古以来,兔子一直保留在人们的想象之中。世界各地,只要是有兔子的地方,它们都会成为神话、民间故事与创意推断的主题。这些顽皮、机灵与神秘的动物会吸引神秘主义者与讲故事人的注意力,那是不令人感到惊奇的。</div><div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; text-align: justify;">在中国神话中,兔子是耐力的象征,它们的精髓来自月亮。中秋晚上的月最圆最亮。孩子会在这时候提着兔形灯笼登山看月,欣赏月里的兔子。</div><div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; text-align: justify;">玉兔的故事可以说是嫦娥奔月神话的延续。它说的是三个神仙把自己变成可怜的老人。有一天,他们碰到狐狸、猴子与兔子,就向他们讨食。狐狸与猴子同老人分享它们的食物。可是兔子没有食物可以分享,就跳进烈火中,奉献它们的肉。老人为兔子的善心所感动,就把它带到月宫居住,变成玉兔。</div><div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; text-align: justify;">嫦娥来到月球以后,孤独生活,一看到玉兔就很欢喜,所以结伴而居。随着日子的过去,他们变成不可分离的朋友。</div><div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; text-align: justify;">听到嫦娥与后羿的故事后,玉兔可怜起他们,决定制造特别仙药来帮助嫦娥回返地球。可是,虽然经过几千年的苦干,玉兔一直没法把要制成。在中秋月仔细观察月亮,我们就可以发现玉兔还在制造它的仙药。</div><div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div>Joon Tai 运开http://www.blogger.com/profile/12397024663559678039noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-357638545917444763.post-15458381940508530412011-01-18T10:52:00.008+08:002011-01-31T13:28:08.308+08:00The Metal Rabbit Forecast 2011 兔年运程<div style="text-align: justify;">2011 is the year of Xin Mao, which is known as Metal Rabbit year or Golden Rabbit year. The Heavenly Stem which is represented by Metal Xin is sitting on top of Earthly Branches Wood Mao. This terminology of Metal sitting on Wood is similar to 2010 Metal Geng and Wood Yin except that 2011 is Yin Metal and Yin Wood while 2010 is Yang Metal and Yang Wood. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div style="text-align: justify;">The colours White (for Silver) and Gold represent the Metal Element. Yin Metal is like a small knife which is sharp and swift in strike. Once provoked, it implies potential hidden threats. As such, beware of undercover robberies and petty thieves. Guard your homes with alarm and security. Yin Wood resembles small plants though subtle but flexible. Imagine that during a heavy storm, the tall trees will fall first. </div><div style="text-align: justify;">Yin Metal and Yin Wood in conflict implies that disputes may even occur over minor issues. Therefore, be mindful and avoid offending others. Minor errors may lead to serious consequences. Also, do be prepared for new rulings at work or from your superiors. At home, pay more attention to your teenage children. It is a year in which the family will come first. </div><div style="text-align: justify;">Having two Yins (Yin metal and Yin wood) could mean polarisation of opinions resulting in conflicting ideologies, arguments and clashes, which may lead to destructive relationship. </div><div style="text-align: justify;">Things will move slowly, although they will get done more correctly. People will reveal their bunny-side and will listen to their heart rather than their mind. Discussions and consensus will be catch words of the year. Art, culture and ethnicity will come to the forefront. Leisurely travels and personal growth will be more visible. </div><div style="text-align: justify;">Inauspicious industries are: shipping, transportation, energy, gas, timber, travel, pulp and paper, stationery, publishing and media. These industries will face stiff competition and price wars. </div><div style="text-align: justify;">Metal industries such as gold, silver, jewellery, automobile and steel related products will be in demand. The property prices will continue to rise in 2011 but at a slower pace compared to 2010. People involved in singing and acting, concerts and road shows, teaching and law professions will be in good demand. There will be still more medical and scientific inventions and highly beneficial innovations in Communications, Internet and IT industries. The IT industry will be launching a bigger range of new communication products. <br />
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<a href="http://chineselifeworld.blogspot.com/2009/03/chinese-zodiacal-years.html">Click here also to read more on Chinese Zodiacal Years.</a><br />
.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEinSIlh7breNCiZHUbEuk5-_siNrcCtv_kl9e-toC9qEs_D0ayZmacsezRnm-CYSZxQ68gYbWnWfvp5LNBox7zxfBGB6ZiL_ddoWowcU0DP7zb9dhwRodVlqcViHjmmofixhWwLmrcP3GU/s1600/Rabbit+Year+1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="288" n4="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEinSIlh7breNCiZHUbEuk5-_siNrcCtv_kl9e-toC9qEs_D0ayZmacsezRnm-CYSZxQ68gYbWnWfvp5LNBox7zxfBGB6ZiL_ddoWowcU0DP7zb9dhwRodVlqcViHjmmofixhWwLmrcP3GU/s400/Rabbit+Year+1.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div style="text-align: justify;">.<br />
2010年是辛卯年,也是金兔或玉兔年。天干以辛代表金在上,地干以卯代表土在下。这就如2010年的金庚与木寅。可是,2011年是阴金与阴木,而2010年却是阳金与阳木。</div><div style="text-align: justify;">白色(或银色)与金代表金元素。阴金就如一把短刀,尖锐而行动迅速。被激怒时,潜在危机更大。所以,要注意内贼与小偷。应以防盗安全系统来保护你的家的安全。阴木犹如小植物,细微而有弹性。想象狂风暴雨时,大树先折倒。</div><div style="text-align: justify;">阴金与阴木之间的冲突表明就算小事也可能引起争执。所以,小心并避免得罪别人。同时,对来自工作或上司要执行新条例要有心理准备。在家,要关注少年期的孩子。今年是以家为主的一年。</div><div style="text-align: justify;">两阴(阴金与阴木)同时出现可能表示意见分歧,引起理念与争论的抵触,冲突,并导致恶劣关系。</div><div style="text-align: justify;">工作可能进行得比较慢,但是会做得好。人们会显露出诙谐的一面,以情感而不是心智来倾听。今年常常会听到的词语应该是:讨论与共识。艺术、文化与民族会站在第一线。休闲旅游与个人成长明显重要。</div><div style="text-align: justify;">艰难行业包括:航运、交通、能源、瓦斯、木料、旅游、纸业、文具、印刷业与媒介。这些行业会面对激烈竞争与削价行为。</div><div style="text-align: justify;">与金属有关的行业如黄金、银、汽车、钢铁有关的工业则有需求。产业的价格在2011年会继续上扬,但比起2010年缓慢得多。从事有关歌唱、表演、音乐表演、街边秀、教书与法律的人,需求大增。医药与科学发明会增多。交通、互联网与信息工业会有高度实用创新产品。<br />
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<a href="http://chineselifeworld.blogspot.com/2009/03/chinese-zodiacal-years.html">请点击这里阅读有关华人生肖本命年的详情。</a></div><div style="text-align: justify;">.</div><iframe allowfullscreen="" class="youtube-player" frameborder="0" height="260" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/YHodugsBpM0" title="YouTube video player" type="text/html" width="410"></iframe>Joon Tai 运开http://www.blogger.com/profile/12397024663559678039noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-357638545917444763.post-61072195679491250342011-01-04T14:56:00.001+08:002011-01-20T23:22:10.933+08:002011: The Chinese Year of The Rabbit 2011年是兔年<div style="text-align: justify;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgMNjn8O54-nxdhxbQZQc5yBBzFQFKm21mlik5JCCXfZYOldRpsKdjZlNEYcJMEiwLt0uwZnR4XCSgO7PVRXVSCfoPR7U1JXuMPf5yci7wuNuvq_0DAmayIA70y0JgNjSFvaJK1MY2NedI/s1600/Rabbit+Year.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="245" n4="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgMNjn8O54-nxdhxbQZQc5yBBzFQFKm21mlik5JCCXfZYOldRpsKdjZlNEYcJMEiwLt0uwZnR4XCSgO7PVRXVSCfoPR7U1JXuMPf5yci7wuNuvq_0DAmayIA70y0JgNjSFvaJK1MY2NedI/s400/Rabbit+Year.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>The upcoming Chinese New Year falls on 3 February 2011. According to the Chinese Zodiac, it is the Year of the Rabbit. The Rabbit is the fourth sign of the Chinese Zodiac, which consists of 12 animal signs. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div style="text-align: justify;">According to Chinese tradition, the Rabbit brings a year in which you can catch your breath and calm your nerves. It is a time for negotiation. Don't try to force issues, because if you do you will ultimately fail. To gain the greatest benefits from this time, focus on home, family, security, diplomacy, and your relationships with women and children. Make it a goal to create a safe, peaceful lifestyle, so you will be able to calmly deal with any problem that may arise.</div><div style="text-align: justify;">People born in the Year of the Rabbit share certain characteristics: keen, wise, fragile, tranquil, serene, considerate, fashionable, and kind. Generally, they are quite calm, do not exhibit aggressive behaviour, and will avoid confrontation at all costs. When angry about something, they will approach it calmly and considerately, hardly ever raising their voice. And they are quite keen and pay close attention to the situations developing around them. They are intelligent and quick, and can talk themselves in or out of most situations with no problem.</div><div style="text-align: justify;">They are good teachers, counsellors and communicators; they also often make ideal diplomats or politicians. They can also make great painters or musicians due to their sense of beauty and their love of creativity. </div><div style="text-align: justify;">Although rabbit people get on well with everyone, at heart they are basically reserved creatures and need their own space, and are only really happy when they are engrossed in some sort of scholarly or intellectual activity. </div><div style="text-align: justify;">The average rabbit person emphasizes the importance of small details. They pay attention to everything from colour, design and furniture to food and conversation. And only when they are sure that everything has been arranged as they wished, these people can relax and have fun. Opting for safety over risk they may miss good opportunities. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none;">Calm as they are, it is not easy to provoke rabbit people. They are sentimental and compassionate. Yes, and they cry easily too. They can be moved by personal problems you share with them. Therefore, if you work as a salesman for a living, you will have much better luck with rabbit people - Nine out of ten Rabbit people will definitely buy your products!</div></div><div style="text-align: justify;">They will become depressed and withdrawn if their homes do not consist of beautiful possessions that make them comfortable. Their homes and offices usually are clutter-free. Rabbit people are usually relatively careful when it comes to their finances. They use much of their money for possessions such as their homes, cars or furniture. They love hunting for antiques, arts and crafts and will tend to make sound investments in these types of things.</div><div style="text-align: justify;">.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><object height="310" width="410"><param name="movie" value="http://www.youtube.com/v/0VFF-BSIA2M?fs=1&hl=en_US"></param><param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"></param><param name="allowscriptaccess" value="always"></param><embed src="http://www.youtube.com/v/0VFF-BSIA2M?fs=1&hl=en_US" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" allowscriptaccess="always" allowfullscreen="true" width="410" height="310"></embed></object><br />
.</div><div style="text-align: justify;">今年华人新年是在阳历2月3日。根据华人生肖,今年是兔年。兔子在华人生肖十二个动物之中,排名第四。</div><div style="text-align: justify;">根据华人传统,兔子给我们带来松一口气与舒静神经的机会。也是磋商好时机。不要硬来盲闯,那将导致最终的失败。这个时候,应该争取最大利益,关心家庭、家人、安全、交际、你与女性及孩子的关系。立定目标,营造安全平和生活方式,这样你就可以安稳地应对可能出现的问题。</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none;">出生于兔年的人有一些共同的特点:热忱、聪明、虚弱、宁静、安详、体贴、时髦与友好。一般上,他们相当平静,不会做出闯劲行为,并不计成本来避免对峙。对一些事感到愤怒,他们会平静、友好以待,很少会提高声调。他们热心与关注身边事务。他们聪明与机灵,善以口舌脱离困境而无事。</div></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none;">他们是好老师、辅导员、交流者;他们也是理想的外交家,或者政治家。他们也会成为伟大的画家或音乐家,鉴于他们对美的特别触觉与对创作的热爱。</div></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none;">虽然生于兔年的人与人相处得很好,可是他们的内心基本上是内向的,需要有个人空间;只有在全神贯注于学识与理智活动时,他们才会得到真正的欢愉。</div></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none;">一般的生于兔年的人,强调细节的重要。他们注重每一细节,从颜色、设计、家具、食物到交谈。只有他们肯定每一细节都按照他们的意思去安排后,他们才会放轻松与玩乐。由于选择安全多过选择机会,他们可能失去好的机会。</div></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none;">他们虽然平静,但是不容易被惹怒。他们感情用事、有怜悯之心。是的,他们容易哭啼。他们容易被你同他们分享的事而感动。所以,如果你以卖物品为生,你能卖给兔年出世的人的机会最多,百分之九十会给你生意。</div></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none;">如果家里没有令他们舒服的东西,他们会变成沮丧、不与人交往。他们的家与办公室一般清洁干净。他们对钱财相对来说很小心。他们把大部分的钱花在家居、汽车与家具之类的产品。他们喜欢古董、手工艺术品,善于投资在这些东西上。 </div></div><div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; text-align: justify;"></div>Joon Tai 运开http://www.blogger.com/profile/12397024663559678039noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-357638545917444763.post-76178536195069010272010-12-21T13:56:00.006+08:002010-12-27T22:55:25.971+08:00The Chinese Winter Solstice Festival 冬至节<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj1Bz-uuH0W1OyrWn4CU5cU8CwsIBLn5Ox_CIYaFKGzLBkFnYBqzLo-ls1OvqSqOEzwZbe4vwQZFpzByPYME0621iSHyfkB-Lmy0VRTVSOxitAS3r3q5QFc1aZaLHMOxVCPiqstw-Y4XVY/s1600/Dongzhi.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" n4="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj1Bz-uuH0W1OyrWn4CU5cU8CwsIBLn5Ox_CIYaFKGzLBkFnYBqzLo-ls1OvqSqOEzwZbe4vwQZFpzByPYME0621iSHyfkB-Lmy0VRTVSOxitAS3r3q5QFc1aZaLHMOxVCPiqstw-Y4XVY/s320/Dongzhi.jpg" width="246" /></a></div><div style="text-align: justify;">This year the winter solstice will occur on 21 December at 23:38 pm. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div style="text-align: justify;">The Dongzhi Festival or Winter Solstice Festival is one of the most important festivals celebrated by the Chinese and other East Asians. </div><div style="text-align: justify;">Dongzhi literally means the extreme of winter in Chinese. It occurs exactly when the Earth's axial tilt is farthest away from the sun at its maximum of 23° 26'. As early as 2,500 years ago, about the Spring and Autumn Period (770-476 BC), China had determined the point of Winter Solstice by observing movements of the sun with a sundial. It is the earliest of the 24 seasonal division points. The time will be on either 21 or 22 December according to the Gregorian calendar. </div><div style="text-align: justify;">After the Winter Solstice, days will become longer and longer. As ancient Chinese thought, the yang, muscular, or positive things will become stronger and stronger after this day, so it should be celebrated. After this celebration, there will be days with longer daylight hours and therefore an increase in positive energy flowing in. So, Dongzhi is a turning point and the philosophical significance of this is symbolized by the I Ching hexagram Returning. </div><div style="text-align: justify;">The Winter Solstice became a festival during the Han Dynasty (206 BC-220 AD) and thrived in the Tang and Song dynasties (618-1279). In the Tang and Song dynasties, the Winter Solstice was a day to offer scarifies to Heaven and ancestors. Emperors would go to suburbs to worship the Heaven; while common people offered sacrifices to their deceased parents or other relatives.</div><div style="text-align: justify;">There is a Chinese saying that ‘the Winter Solstice is more important than the new year Spring Festival’. So the Winter Solstice festival is highly valued by the Chinese.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><div style="border: medium none;">Traditionally, the Festival is also a time for the family to get together. One activity that occurs during the get together (especially in the southern parts of China and in Chinese communities overseas) is the making and eating of Tangyan or balls of glutinous rice, which symbolize reunion. The Tangyuan are normally brightly coloured and stuffed with various ingredients such as black sesame paste, peanut paste and red bean paste and cooked in a sweet soup. Each family member receives at least one large Tangyuan in addition to several small ones.</div><div style="border: medium none;">.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi01Lc5VpZi2DdWXLLuZy63SURT4R92ye8rDdnXvmJ1ARcrEjeHjg9ZxyAamUeT7PfvvUho0N17HqV39rMtV9qg7_MMX1Fqd8uw0XWCW8Tcz1vBibSPLENsW09oRPckOCXscO1bbkYoGtk/s1600/Dongzhi+Tangyuan+1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi01Lc5VpZi2DdWXLLuZy63SURT4R92ye8rDdnXvmJ1ARcrEjeHjg9ZxyAamUeT7PfvvUho0N17HqV39rMtV9qg7_MMX1Fqd8uw0XWCW8Tcz1vBibSPLENsW09oRPckOCXscO1bbkYoGtk/s320/Dongzhi+Tangyuan+1.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhKAzYwmVEuYhHnv_t_3dKbLwxUzo7CUFuX_fbspF-WmUVrvvT73nMaFKfh4AXm_l3KEETzA7TiL9ZvyEpFxyQLzpj2LMIFlqNSj9w4tlg67RAhVAFA-FaHqYpRW-7jQ0fhYMglij2Pn14/s1600/Dongzhi+Tangyuan.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="190" n4="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhKAzYwmVEuYhHnv_t_3dKbLwxUzo7CUFuX_fbspF-WmUVrvvT73nMaFKfh4AXm_l3KEETzA7TiL9ZvyEpFxyQLzpj2LMIFlqNSj9w4tlg67RAhVAFA-FaHqYpRW-7jQ0fhYMglij2Pn14/s320/Dongzhi+Tangyuan.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">汤圆 Glutinous Rice Balls</td></tr>
</tbody></table><div style="border: medium none;">今年的冬至发生在阳历12月21日晚上11时38分。</div></div><div style="text-align: justify;">冬至节是华人与东亚人所庆祝的最重要的节目之一。</div><div style="text-align: justify;">中文‘冬至’指的是冬天的至极,发生在太阳直射的纬度为23° 26',离开地球最远的时候。早在2千5百年前的春秋时代(公元前770至476年),中国人已经用日晷仪来欢察太阳的运行以断定冬至的时间点了。它是二十四节令的起点。在阳历,冬至大约在12月21日或22日。</div><div style="text-align: justify;">冬至以后,白天越来越长。古老华人看法认为在这天以后,阳气、刚强或正面的东西会逐渐强大,所以值得庆祝。庆祝过后,昼长夜短,所以刚正之气的流入增加。所以,冬至是个传折点,它的哲学性的重要就以《易经》中的‘复’卦为代表。</div><div style="text-align: justify;">冬至于汉朝(公元前206年至公元220年)成为一个节日,而在唐宋(618-1279)盛行。在唐宋时期,冬至是一个祭拜天与祖先的日子。皇帝会到郊外祭天,而一般老百姓则祭拜死去的父母与其它亲戚。</div><div style="text-align: justify;">华人俗语说:‘冬大过年。’可见华人对冬至节的重视。</div><div style="text-align: justify;">传统上,冬至节是一家团聚的时候。团聚时所进行的一项活动,尤其是在中国南方与华人集聚的海外,是做与吃汤圆。汤圆象征团圆。一般上,汤圆都染上亮丽颜色,里面塞满了如芝麻、花生、红豆糊之类,以糖水来煮。每个家庭成员最少要吃一粒大汤圆加上几个较小的汤圆。</div>Joon Tai 运开http://www.blogger.com/profile/12397024663559678039noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-357638545917444763.post-38979947560033296472010-12-07T16:35:00.000+08:002010-12-07T16:35:16.750+08:00Zhuangzi: I Prefer to Wag my Tail in the Mud 庄子:吾将曳尾于涂中<div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh0WoluyvzczrgUDcHwVKIUAHiXuNlPmWZetxj99b-1KYn7qNloAWFFPphpJxx2nJlhez52nBjFyvUoa-8iLalecP8tyOuFh7pZZn3GZ2oHumCupXV07B7NRKS_wmnchvDy7gx_qOeR9KA/s1600/zhuangzi.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; cssfloat: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" ox="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh0WoluyvzczrgUDcHwVKIUAHiXuNlPmWZetxj99b-1KYn7qNloAWFFPphpJxx2nJlhez52nBjFyvUoa-8iLalecP8tyOuFh7pZZn3GZ2oHumCupXV07B7NRKS_wmnchvDy7gx_qOeR9KA/s1600/zhuangzi.jpg" /></a>Zhuangzi was born in a poor family, lived primarily on making straw sandals. However, he was indifferent to fame and gain, which seemed to him like devils rather than angels, and had long pursued spiritual freedom. Zhuangzi advocates respecting life and nourishing life instead of being caught up by outside matters and being destroyed by desires. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; text-align: justify;">Zhuang Zi preferred non-action. He has always been viewed as the paragon of high moral character and purity of spirit. One story (extracted from the book ‘Zhuangzi’) illustrates these qualities well.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Zhuangzi was fishing on the Pu River when the king of the state of Chu sent two high officials to see him and said, "Our king desires to burden you with the administration of the Chu State." </div><div style="text-align: justify;">Zhuangzi went on fishing without turning his head and said, "I have heard that in Chu there is a sacred tortoise which died when it was three thousand years old. The king keeps this tortoise carefully enclosed in a chest in his ancestral temple. Now would this tortoise rather be dead and have its remains venerated, or would it rather be alive and wagging its tail in the mud?"</div><div style="text-align: justify;">"It would rather be alive," replied the two officials, "and wagging its tail in the mud."</div><div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; text-align: justify;">"Begone!" cried Zhuangzi. "I too will wag my tail in the mud."</div><div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; text-align: justify;">.<br />
庄子生长于贫苦家庭,主要以作草鞋为生。但是,他不热衷于名利,对他而言这些是恶不是善。他追求的是精神自由。庄子提倡尊敬生命,丰富生活,而不是拘禁于外在事物与为欲所毁。</div><div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; text-align: justify;">庄子主张无为。所以常常被认为是高尚品德与纯净精神的模范。以下出自《庄子》一书的故事可说明他的这些素质。</div><div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; text-align: justify;">庄子钓于濮水,楚王使大夫二人往先焉,曰:“愿以境内累矣!” </div><div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; text-align: justify;">庄子持竿不顾,曰:“吾闻楚有神龟,死已三千岁矣,王巾笥而藏之庙堂之上。此龟者,宁其死为留骨而贵乎?宁其生而曳尾于涂中乎?”</div><div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; text-align: justify;">二大夫曰:“宁生而曳尾涂中。”</div><div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; text-align: justify;">庄子曰:“往矣,吾将曳尾于涂中。” </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div>Joon Tai 运开http://www.blogger.com/profile/12397024663559678039noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-357638545917444763.post-76686913280131381652010-11-23T17:38:00.000+08:002010-11-23T17:38:53.150+08:00The Lady of Yanzhou 延州妇人<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg-D7Pxtt1D5S10lyf0FnisA94D_yUWnuDvq0ameuuYMc0ZH5aOe6sE33vR8YroG452rB6MWZFXvHn03HzidW_gJaqLtZEbb1rOosx0_X1GLmnW9_HmciQtIubzuUuTK607d1mL_bnLtEY/s1600/%25E5%25A4%25AA%25E5%25B9%25B3%25E5%25BB%25A3%25E8%25A8%2598%25E5%25B0%2581%25E9%259D%25A2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; cssfloat: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" ox="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg-D7Pxtt1D5S10lyf0FnisA94D_yUWnuDvq0ameuuYMc0ZH5aOe6sE33vR8YroG452rB6MWZFXvHn03HzidW_gJaqLtZEbb1rOosx0_X1GLmnW9_HmciQtIubzuUuTK607d1mL_bnLtEY/s320/%25E5%25A4%25AA%25E5%25B9%25B3%25E5%25BB%25A3%25E8%25A8%2598%25E5%25B0%2581%25E9%259D%25A2.jpg" width="197" /></a></div><div style="text-align: justify;">The Taiping Anthologies is a collection of about 7000 stories compiled under the editorship of Li Fang of Song Dynasty, first published in 978. The stories were selected from over three hundred books and novels from the Han Dynasty to the early Song Dynasty, many of which have long been lost. Some stories are historical or naturalistic anecdotes, each is replete with historical elements, and qualifies as fiction, but the topics are mostly supernatural, about Buddhist and Daoist priests, immortals, ghosts, and various deities. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div style="text-align: justify;">One of the most unexpected stories is about a lady of Yanzhou who is willing to have sex with any man she came across. She turned out to be an incarnation of Bodhisattva.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Once there was a lady in Yanzhou in eastern Shaanxi who was of fair complexion and quite beautiful, about 24 or 25 years of age. She wandered through the city alone, and the young lads would follow her around. She had sexual relations with them all, rejecting none of them. </div><div style="text-align: justify;">Several years later she died, and the people of Yanzhou were all grieved at this and felt sorry for her. They collected a sum of money and paid her funeral expenses. Because she had no home, they buried her beside a road. </div><div style="text-align: justify;">In the middle of the reign of Tang Daicong Dali (766-779 AD), a Central Asian monk came from the northwest. He saw the lady's grave, and immediately set up a prayer mat there, prostrating himself and burning incense while praising the virtue of the deceased for several days. </div><div style="text-align: justify;">People saw this and said to him, "This was an immoral woman who treated every man like her husband, and we buried her here because she had no family. Why do you as a monk show such respect to her?" </div><div style="text-align: justify;">The monk replied, "My benefactors, there is something you do not know. This lady was a holy being indeed, compassionate and generous in submitting to the desires of all worldly men. She is the Chained-bone Bodhisattva, and she has fulfilled her destiny and achieved enlightenment. If you do not believe me, you can open up the grave and see." </div><div style="text-align: justify;">The people exhumed the grave, and sure enough all the bones were linked as in a chain. They were astonished and held a Buddhist feast for her, and also built a pagoda to honour her.</div><div style="text-align: justify;">.</div><div style="text-align: justify;">宋代李昉编的《太平广记》大约收集了7000个故事,第一次出版于978年。故事选自汉朝至宋初超过300本书与小说,其中有不少已经失传了。这些故事有历史或自然奇闻逸话,充满了历史元素,创造素质,内容则都是一些有关超自然、佛教、道士、长生不老、鬼怪及各种神仙的事物。</div><div style="text-align: justify;">其中一个令人意想不到的故事是有关一个延州妇女对所有男人来者不拒,而她原来是菩萨的化身。</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">昔,延州有妇人,白皙,颇有姿貌,年可二十四五,孤行城市,年少之子,悉与之游,押呢荐 枕,一无所却。</div><div style="text-align: justify;">数年而殁,州人莫不悲惜,共醵丧具,为之葬焉。以其无家,瘗于道左。</div><div style="text-align: justify;">(唐代宗)大历中(776-779),忽有胡僧自西域来,见墓,遂趺坐,具礼焚香,围绕赞叹数日。</div><div style="text-align: justify;">人见,谓之日:此一淫纵女子,人尽夫也。以其无属,故瘗于此,和尚何敬耶?</div><div style="text-align: justify;">僧曰:非檀越所知,斯乃大圣,慈悲喜舍,世所之 欲,无不徇焉。此即销骨菩萨,顺缘已尽。圣者云耳不信,即启以验之。</div><div style="text-align: justify;">众人即开墓,视遍身之骨,钩结皆如锁状。果如僧言。州人异之,为设大斋起塔焉。</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div>Joon Tai 运开http://www.blogger.com/profile/12397024663559678039noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-357638545917444763.post-90860111675271112322010-11-09T14:59:00.004+08:002010-11-15T16:59:37.612+08:00The Foolish Old Man Removed Mountains 愚公移山<div style="text-align: justify;">The saying that “Where there’s a will, there’s a way” can be illustrated by a Chinese story about ‘The foolish old man removed mountains.’ It is actually a Chinese folktale about a foolish old man who removed a mountain that was blocking the path from his home. His children told him that he would be dead before he moved it. The old man instructed them to continue his work after he was gone, ‘My line will go on and on, but the mountain can never get taller or bigger, so what do I have to worry about?’ </div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div style="text-align: justify;">Why the old man didn’t just simply move his family to a more convenient location? It is said that the concept of home in Chinese culture is extremely important and one does not move his home unless lives are at stake. Another explanation is that the old man is foolish and that's why he didn't pick the easier task; but conveniently, his story told later generations to be persistent at doing anything.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh4qDBesU7AAcUXcLoRxobOps-7bObRkyAadfkVZ78ZGm10Xck4OTBqKKrser_-9j3M9Uplfz_O9TnN5JGvkAIeSwfEv4ZjxMkngJU7n1LtdRr94mGQysHr0-f8MgtTrD7vvSEDbls7j1E/s1600/%25E6%2584%259A%25E5%2585%25AC%25E7%25A7%25BB%25E5%25B1%25B1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="133" px="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh4qDBesU7AAcUXcLoRxobOps-7bObRkyAadfkVZ78ZGm10Xck4OTBqKKrser_-9j3M9Uplfz_O9TnN5JGvkAIeSwfEv4ZjxMkngJU7n1LtdRr94mGQysHr0-f8MgtTrD7vvSEDbls7j1E/s400/%25E6%2584%259A%25E5%2585%25AC%25E7%25A7%25BB%25E5%25B1%25B1.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>The story became famous after Mao Zedong mentioned it in one of his speeches, ‘There are now two mountains on the heads of the Chinese people. One is called imperialism, and the other is called feudalism. The Communist Party of China must resolve to dig away at these two mountains. We must be absolutely firm, and continue to work away without stopping. Even the God will be moved. This god is not another person; it is the masses of the people of the entire nation. If the masses of the people of the entire nation were to rise up in unison, and help us to dig away at these two mountains, what is there that we could not flatten?’</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Here is the original story as recorded in Liezi (Master Lie), an early philosophical Daoism text written during the 3rd century AD.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">The two mountains Taihang and Wangwu, which cover an area of 700 square li (about 0.5 km), and rise to an enormous altitude, originally stood in the south of Jizhou and north of Heyang. The Simpleton of the North Mountain, an old man of ninety, dwelt opposite these mountains, and was vexed in spirit because their northern flanks blocked the way to travellers, who had to go all the way round. So he called his family together, and broached a plan. </div><div style="text-align: justify;">'Let us,' he said, 'put forth our utmost strength to clear away this obstacle, and cut right through the mountains until we come to Hanyin. What say you?' They all assented except his wife, who made objections and said: 'My good man has not the strength to remove a spoonful of dirt from your father's burial mound, let alone two such mountains as Taixing and Wangwu. Besides, where will you put all the earth and stones that you dig up?' The others replied that they would throw them on the promontory of Bohai. </div><div style="text-align: justify;">So the old man, followed by his son and grandson, sallied forth with their pickaxes, and the three of them began hewing away at the rocks, and cutting up the soil, and carting it away in baskets to the promontory of Bohai. A widowed woman who lived near had a little boy who, though he was only just shedding his milk teeth, came skipping along to give them what help he could. Engrossed in their toil, they never went home except once at the turn of the season.</div><div style="text-align: justify;">The Wise Old Man of the River-bend burst out laughing and urged them to stop. 'Great indeed is your witlessness!' he said. 'With the poor remaining strength of your declining years you will not succeed in removing a hair's breadth of the mountain, much less the whole vast mass of rock and soil.' With a sigh, the Simpleton of the North Mountain replied: 'Surely it is you who are narrow-minded and unreasonable. You are not to be compared with the widow's son, despite his puny strength. Though I myself must die, I shall leave a son behind me and through him a grandson. That grandson will beget sons in his turn, and those soils will also have sons and grandsons. With all this posterity, my line will not die out, while on the other hand the mountain will receive no increment or addition. Why then should I despair of levelling it to the ground at last?' The Wise Old Man of the River-bend had nothing to say in reply. </div><div style="text-align: justify;">One of the serpent-brandishing deities heard of the undertaking and, fearing that it might never be finished, went and told God Almighty, who was touched by the old man's simple faith, and commanded the two sons of Kua-e to transport the mountains, one to the extreme north-east, the other to the southern corner of Yong. Ever since then, the region lying between Jizhou in the north and Hanyin in the south has been an unbroken plain.<br />
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Mao's Speech as read by a Canadian Lady <span style="font-size: x-small;">加拿大女士念毛泽东的谈话</span><br />
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<div style="text-align: justify;">英语‘有志者事竟成’可以用‘愚公移山’的故事来加以说明。它其实有关一个老人把当在他家门口的大山的故事。老人告示他打孩子如果他过世时山还没有移掉,他们应该继续移山的工作。他说,‘我的子孙会一代一代转下去,而山却不会长高或变大,所以我有什么值得担心的?’</div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div style="text-align: justify;">为什么老人不搬到另一个更方便的地点?据说华人文化重安土,没有特殊情况决不搬家。另一个解释是老人就是愚蠢,这就是为什么他不取容易的办法,而他的故事告诉子子孙孙坚持他们的所作所为。</div><div style="text-align: justify;">毛泽东在一次演讲中提到了这个故事后,它就变成家喻户晓了:‘现在也有两座压在中国人民头上的大山,一座叫做帝国主义,一座叫做封建主义。中国共产党早就下了决心,要挖掉这两座山。我们一定要坚持下去,一定要不断工作。我们也会感动上帝的。这个上帝不是别人,就是全中国的人民大众。’</div><div style="text-align: justify;">以下是公元前三世纪所写的道家哲学经典《列子》的记载:</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">太行、王屋二山,方七百里,高万仞。本在冀州之南,河阳之北。 </div><div style="text-align: justify;">北山愚公者,年且九十,面山而居。惩山北之塞,出入之迂也,聚室而谋曰:‘吾与汝毕力平险,指通豫南,达于汉阴,可乎?’杂然相许。其妻献疑曰:‘以君之力,曾不能损魁父之丘。如太行、王屋何?且焉置土石?’杂曰:‘投诸渤海之尾,隐土之北。’遂率子孙荷担者三夫,叩石垦壤,箕畚运于渤海之尾。邻人京城氏之孀妻有遗男,始龀,跳往助之。寒暑易节,始一反焉。 </div><div style="text-align: justify;">河曲智叟笑而止之曰:‘甚矣,汝之不惠。以残年余力,曾不能毁山之一毛,其如土石何?’北山愚公长息曰:‘汝心之固,固不可彻,曾不若孀妻弱子。虽我之死,有子存焉;子又生孙,孙又生子;子又有子,子又有孙;子子孙孙无穷匮也,而山不加增,何苦而不平?’河曲智叟亡以应。 </div><div style="text-align: justify;">操蛇之神闻之,惧其不已也,告之于帝。帝感其诚,命夸娥氏二子负二山,一厝朔东,一厝雍南。自此,冀之南,汉之阴,无陇断焉。 </div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div>Joon Tai 运开http://www.blogger.com/profile/12397024663559678039noreply@blogger.com0